Harrington D L, Haaland K Y, Hermanowicz N
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA.
Neuropsychology. 1998 Jan;12(1):3-12. doi: 10.1037//0894-4105.12.1.3.
This study investigated the role of the basal ganglia in timing operations. Nondemented, medicated Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and controls were tested on 2 motor-timing tasks (paced finger tapping at a 300- or 600-ms target interval), 2 time perception tasks (duration perception wherein the interval between the standard tone pair was 300 or 600 ms), and 2 tasks that controlled for the auditory processing (frequency perception) demands of the time perception task and the movement rate (rapid tapping) in the motor-timing task. Using A.M. Wing and A.B. Kristofferson's (1973) model, the total variability in motor timing was partitioned into a clock component, which reflects central timekeeping operations, and a motor delay component, which estimates random variability due to response implementation processes. The PD group was impaired at both target intervals of the time perception and motor-timing tasks. Impaired motor timing was due to elevated clock but not motor delay variability. The findings implicate the basal ganglia and its thalamocortical connections in timing operations.
本研究调查了基底神经节在计时操作中的作用。对未患痴呆症且正在服药的帕金森病（PD）患者和对照组进行了测试，测试内容包括两项运动计时任务（以300毫秒或600毫秒的目标间隔进行节奏性手指敲击）、两项时间感知任务（时长感知，其中标准音调对之间的间隔为300毫秒或600毫秒），以及两项用于控制时间感知任务的听觉处理（频率感知）需求和运动计时任务中的运动速率（快速敲击）的任务。使用A.M. 温（Wing）和A.B. 克里斯托弗森（Kristofferson）（1973年）的模型，将运动计时中的总变异性分为反映中央计时操作的时钟成分和估计因反应执行过程导致的随机变异性的运动延迟成分。PD组在时间感知和运动计时任务的两个目标间隔上均受损。运动计时受损是由于时钟变异性升高，而非运动延迟变异性升高。研究结果表明基底神经节及其丘脑皮质连接在计时操作中发挥作用。
