Usui N, Usui M
Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical College.
Nihon Rinsho. 1998 Jan;56(1):197-202.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is the most common intraocular infection in patients with Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Approximately 25% of patients with AIDS will develop CMV retinitis during their life time. It is generally associated with CD4+ lymphocyte counts of less than 50 cells/microliter. Clinically, the most characteristic feature of CMV retinitis is a yellow-white lesion of retinal necrosis with a granular border extending into the surrounding retina. At present, ganciclovir and foscarnet have been approved for the treatment of CMV retinitis in patients with AIDS. Although both drugs arrest the progression of retinitis, relapse often occurs. More than ever, ophthalmologists have a special obligation to alleviate both the physical and psychological suffering of patients with CMV retinitis.
巨细胞病毒（CMV）视网膜炎是获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者中最常见的眼部感染。约25%的艾滋病患者在其一生中会发生CMV视网膜炎。它通常与CD4+淋巴细胞计数低于50个细胞/微升有关。临床上，CMV视网膜炎最具特征性的表现是视网膜坏死的黄白色病变，其边界呈颗粒状，延伸至周围视网膜。目前，更昔洛韦和膦甲酸钠已被批准用于治疗艾滋病患者的CMV视网膜炎。虽然这两种药物都能阻止视网膜炎的进展，但复发却经常发生。眼科医生比以往任何时候都更有特殊责任减轻CMV视网膜炎患者的身心痛苦。
