Clarke S, Gordon S
Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
J Leukoc Biol. 1998 Feb;63(2):153-68. doi: 10.1002/jlb.63.2.153.
The mononuclear phagocytes are recruited from bone marrow precursors to most tissues of the body, particularly during inflammation or immune stimulation. This combination of accessibility as stem cells and heterogenity of tissue locations makes the myeloid cell potentially important as a carrier of therapeutic agents. Understanding the regulation of transcription in myeloid cells is necessary for any future design of tissue-specific gene targeting vectors, particularly if there are inherent size limitations. Identified members of the C/EBP, Runt/PEBP2/CBF, and Ets families of transcription factors are critical for myeloid-specific gene expression and may have myeloid-restricted expression or myeloid-specific regulation in the hematopoietic system. AP-1, Sp1, and Myb appear to be important for myeloid-restricted expression in some cases. In addition, factors involved in the up-regulation of the level of gene expression when macrophages are activated by agents such as interferon-gamma and bacterial products have been identified. Some of the sequences to which these transcription factors bind in myeloid-restricted genes have been tested in cell lines and in transgenic mice and it is now possible to make an attempt to describe the characteristics of a myeloid-specific promoter.
单核吞噬细胞从骨髓前体细胞募集到身体的大多数组织，尤其是在炎症或免疫刺激期间。这种作为干细胞的易获得性与组织定位的异质性相结合，使得髓样细胞作为治疗剂载体具有潜在的重要性。了解髓样细胞中转录的调控对于未来任何组织特异性基因靶向载体的设计都是必要的，特别是如果存在固有的大小限制。已确定的C/EBP、Runt/PEBP2/CBF和Ets转录因子家族成员对于髓样特异性基因表达至关重要，并且可能在造血系统中具有髓样限制性表达或髓样特异性调控。在某些情况下，AP-1、Sp1和Myb似乎对于髓样限制性表达很重要。此外，已经确定了在巨噬细胞被干扰素-γ和细菌产物等因子激活时参与基因表达水平上调的因子。这些转录因子在髓样限制性基因中结合的一些序列已经在细胞系和转基因小鼠中进行了测试，现在有可能尝试描述髓样特异性启动子的特征。
