Tsuda H, Arends J
State University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Adv Dent Res. 1997 Nov;11(4):539-47. doi: 10.1177/08959374970110042301.
The Raman spectroscopic technique enables us to obtain vibrational (IR and far-IR) spectra of minerals by analyzing scattered light caused by (visible or near-visible) monochromatic laser excitation. The method possesses several advantages over IR absorption, including simple sample preparation, easy spectral/band analysis, and linear-response to mineral/chemical concentrations. In micro-Raman spectrometer systems, samples are positioned under an optical microscope, and specimens can be scanned with a lateral resolution (approximately 1 mm). In this paper, recent applications of micro-Raman spectroscopy and near-infrared Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy in the study of dental hard tissues and of calculus are reviewed. Special attention is given to mineral components in enamel, dentin, and calculus, and to calcium fluoride formed in/on enamel. The results from the use of an Ar(+)-laser/grating-based micro-Raman spectrometer show that: CaF2 formed in/on enamel by APF treatment is detectable and different from pure CaF2; and with the technique, the crystallite orientation in enamel can be determined. A Raman spectrometer based on Fourier transform and a diode-laser-pumped Nd:YAG laser (1.06 mm) can be used to obtain fluorescence-free Raman signals from biological materials, and identification of mineral components present in dental calculus is possible.
拉曼光谱技术使我们能够通过分析由（可见或近可见）单色激光激发引起的散射光来获得矿物的振动（红外和远红外）光谱。该方法相对于红外吸收具有几个优点，包括样品制备简单、光谱/谱带分析容易以及对矿物/化学浓度呈线性响应。在显微拉曼光谱仪系统中，样品放置在光学显微镜下，标本可以以横向分辨率（约1毫米）进行扫描。本文综述了显微拉曼光谱和近红外傅里叶变换拉曼光谱在牙齿硬组织和牙结石研究中的最新应用。特别关注牙釉质、牙本质和牙结石中的矿物质成分，以及在牙釉质中/上形成的氟化钙。使用基于氩离子激光/光栅的显微拉曼光谱仪的结果表明：经酸性磷酸氟（APF）处理在牙釉质中/上形成的CaF₂是可检测的，且与纯CaF₂不同；并且利用该技术，可以确定牙釉质中的微晶取向。基于傅里叶变换和二极管激光泵浦的Nd:YAG激光（1.06毫米）的拉曼光谱仪可用于从生物材料中获得无荧光的拉曼信号，并且有可能识别牙结石中存在的矿物质成分。
