12岁儿童的最大摄氧量与成熟度
Peak oxygen uptake and maturation in 12-yr olds.
作者信息
Armstrong N, Welsman J R, Kirby B J
机构信息
Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Exeter, UK.
出版信息
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998 Jan;30(1):165-9. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199801000-00023.
The influences of gender and sexual maturation on the peak VO2 of 12-yr olds were examined. Subjects were 106 boys and 106 girls, ages 12.2 +/- 0.4 yr. The sexual maturity of 93 boys and 83 girls was classified according to Tanner's indices of pubic hair. No significant gender differences (P > 0.05) were detected in age, stature, or hemoglobin concentration. Peak VO2 was determined on a treadmill and boys' peak VO2 was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than girls' whether expressed in L x min(-1) (2.10 +/- 0.34 vs 1.92 +/- 0.28) or mL x kg(-1) x min(-1) (52 +/- 6 vs 44 +/- 5). With body mass controlled for using log-linear ANCOVA, the gender difference decreased from 18.2 to 17.1% but remained significant (P < 0.01). For peak VO2 (L x min[-1]) ANOVA revealed no significant interaction (P > 0.05) but significant (P < 0.01) main effects for both gender and maturation. For peak VO2 in ratio with body mass (mL x kg(-1) x min[-1]), ANOVA detected no significant interaction (P > 0.05) or significant main effect (P > 0.05) for maturation although the main effect for gender was significant (P < 0.01). Analysis of peak VO2 with body mass controlled for using log-linear ANCOVA revealed no significant interaction (P > 0.05) but main effects (P < 0.01) for both gender and maturation. Thus, gender differences, which are not simply explained by differences in body size or hemoglobin concentration, have been demonstrated in the peak VO2 of 12-yr olds. A log-linear scaling model has identified in both boys and girls a significant influence of maturation on peak VO2 independent of body mass. This effect may have been masked in previous studies by the inappropriate use of peak VO2 in ratio with body mass.
研究了性别和性成熟对12岁儿童最大摄氧量峰值的影响。受试者为106名男孩和106名女孩，年龄为12.2±0.4岁。根据坦纳阴毛指数对93名男孩和83名女孩的性成熟度进行了分类。在年龄、身高或血红蛋白浓度方面未检测到显著的性别差异（P>0.05）。在跑步机上测定最大摄氧量峰值，无论以L×min⁻¹（2.10±0.34对1.92±0.28）还是mL×kg⁻¹×min⁻¹（52±6对44±5）表示，男孩的最大摄氧量峰值均显著高于女孩（P<0.01）。使用对数线性协方差分析控制体重后，性别差异从18.2%降至17.1%，但仍具有显著性（P<0.01）。对于最大摄氧量峰值（L×min⁻¹），方差分析显示性别和成熟度均无显著交互作用（P>0.05），但有显著主效应（P<0.01）。对于与体重比值的最大摄氧量峰值（mL×kg⁻¹×min⁻¹），方差分析未检测到成熟度的显著交互作用（P>0.05）或显著主效应（P>0.05），尽管性别主效应显著（P<0.01）。使用对数线性协方差分析控制体重后对最大摄氧量峰值进行分析，未发现显著交互作用（P>0.05），但性别和成熟度均有主效应（P<0.01）。因此，在12岁儿童的最大摄氧量峰值中已证实存在性别差异，这种差异不能简单地用体型或血红蛋白浓度的差异来解释。对数线性缩放模型在男孩和女孩中均发现，成熟度对最大摄氧量峰值有显著影响，且独立于体重。在先前的研究中，由于不恰当地使用与体重比值的最大摄氧量峰值，这种效应可能被掩盖了。
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