Scheithauer M O, Rettinger G
Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Universität Ulm.
HNO. 1997 Nov;45(11):891-7. doi: 10.1007/s001060050170.
In Germany about 8500 dog-bite injuries in the face occur every year; more than 50% of the victims are infants and schoolchildren. Besides dogs, other animals such as cats or horses may be responsible for these accidents. Even human bites are reported. The predominant areas are the nose and the auricles. The tissue defects may be superficial, but they can even cause amputations, including severe vascular and nerve or bony destruction. Systemic antibiotic therapy is needed when the wound is infected. The surgical approach to bite injuries includes local wound cleansing, careful excision of necrotic tissue and primary closure of the wound whenever possible. Regarding the importance of surgery in the head and neck area plastic-reconstructive techniques including autologous transplantations and various local or regional flaps should be used at the time the wound is first repaired.
在德国,每年约有8500例面部狗咬伤;超过50%的受害者是婴儿和学童。除了狗,其他动物如猫或马也可能导致这些事故。甚至有人类咬伤的报告。主要受伤部位是鼻子和耳廓。组织缺损可能是浅表的,但甚至可能导致截肢,包括严重的血管、神经或骨质破坏。伤口感染时需要全身抗生素治疗。咬伤的手术治疗方法包括局部伤口清创、仔细切除坏死组织以及尽可能进行伤口一期缝合。鉴于头颈部手术的重要性,在伤口首次修复时应采用包括自体移植和各种局部或区域皮瓣在内的整形重建技术。