Ohtani Y, Ohtani O
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama University School of Medicine, Japan.
Arch Histol Cytol. 1997 Dec;60(5):503-10. doi: 10.1679/aohc.60.503.
Pathways of peritoneal fluids to the pleural cavity in the rat were investigated by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Intraperitoneally injected India ink was demonstrated to enter the subperitoneal lymphatics through lymphatic stomata, and to drain through the subpleural collecting lymphatics, into the parasternal, paravertebral and mediastinal lymphatic trunks as well as the thoracic duct. Five to 10 min after the intraperitoneal injection of India ink, the parasternal lymphatic trunk was ligated at the third intercostal space. Thirty minutes, 1 h, or 2 h after the ligation of either the right or the left trunk, India ink was macroscopically recognized only around the ligated trunk. When the right and left trunks were simultaneously ligated, India ink leaked around both trunks. Five hours after the ligation of both trunks, a massive amount of ink was located in the interstitium of the anterior thoracic wall. TEM revealed carbon particles passing through gaps of the lymphatic endothelial cells into the interstitial space, and partly reaching the mesothelial surface lining the anterior thoracic wall. Results show that obstruction or narrowing of the lymphatic trunks draining the diaphragmatic lymph causes a hydrothorax, indicating that this is at least one mechanism causing this during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and diseases with ascites.
通过光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究了大鼠腹腔液进入胸腔的途径。腹腔内注射的印度墨汁被证明通过淋巴孔进入腹膜下淋巴管，并通过胸膜下集合淋巴管引流，进入胸骨旁、椎旁和纵隔淋巴管干以及胸导管。腹腔内注射印度墨汁5至10分钟后，在第三肋间间隙结扎胸骨旁淋巴管干。在结扎右侧或左侧淋巴管干30分钟、1小时或2小时后，肉眼仅在结扎的淋巴管干周围发现印度墨汁。当同时结扎左右淋巴管干时，印度墨汁在两个淋巴管干周围渗漏。结扎两个淋巴管干5小时后，大量墨汁位于胸前壁间质中。透射电子显微镜显示碳颗粒穿过淋巴管内皮细胞的间隙进入间质空间，并部分到达覆盖胸前壁的间皮表面。结果表明，引流膈肌淋巴的淋巴管干阻塞或狭窄会导致胸腔积液，这表明在持续非卧床腹膜透析和腹水疾病期间，这至少是导致胸腔积液的一种机制。
