[Cause of hematuria in children with special consideration of urolithiasis. Personal observations].

Microscopic hematuria was diagnosed in case of 102 children out of 2505 hospitalised in Provincial Special Hospital at Children's Ward, which is of all treated children. The most numerous age group were school children. The most common reason of microscopic hematuria was infection of urinary system which was found in case of 34 children (33%). Isolated microscopic hematuria was infection of urinary system which was found in case of 34 children (33%). Isolated microscopic hematuria was diagnosed in 39 cases (38%) and in 23 cases out of these, which is more than a half (59%), the threat of urolithiasis was recognised. The percentage of cases with the threat of urolithiasis with reference to the number of all children with microscopic hematuria was 23. This would suggest the necessity of examining patients in the direction of hypercrystalluria with microscopic hematuria, especially the isolated one. Increased excretion of uric acid was discovered in 52% cases, which is much more common than the increased excretion of calcium, stated in 35% cases of urolithiasis threat. In case of 13% of those children increased excretion of both above mentioned elements was discovered. In case of 16 children (15%) out of 102 children with microscopic hematuria, no final diagnosis was made and microscopic hematuria was supposed to be idiopathic.