Thomas H V, Murphy M F, Key T J, Fentiman I S, Allen D S, Kinlen L J
Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK.
Ann Hum Biol. 1998 Jan-Feb;25(1):69-75. doi: 10.1080/03014469800005432.
This study examined the hormonal differences between premenopausal mothers of twins and other premenopausal parous women during and after pregnancy. Serum concentrations of oestradiol and testosterone between 6 and 20 weeks of gestation were measured for 11 mothers of twins and 115 mothers of singletons selected from the controls in a case-control study of cryptorchidism. Serum concentrations of oestradiol, progesterone, testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and sex hormone-binding globulin during the menstrual cycle were measured for 25 mothers of twins and 38 mothers of singletons recruited as a part of a prospective study of breast cancer risk. During pregnancy, women carrying twins had a 58% higher geometric mean oestradiol concentration (p = 0.02) and a 50% higher testosterone concentration (p = 0.03) than women carrying singletons. Women who had previously had twins demonstrated a 49% higher mean concentration of follicle stimulating hormone (p = 0.02) and a 42% higher concentration of sex hormone-binding globulin (p = 0.03) than women who had singletons only, but no significant differences in oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone concentrations. The increased concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone during the menstrual cycle of mothers of twins, which has also been reported in two previous studies suggests that follicle stimulating hormone level may be an important determinant of dizygotic twinning.
本研究调查了双胎妊娠的绝经前母亲与其他绝经前经产妇在孕期及产后的激素差异。在一项关于隐睾症的病例对照研究中，从对照组选取了11名双胎母亲和115名单胎母亲，测量她们妊娠6至20周期间血清雌二醇和睾酮的浓度。在一项关于乳腺癌风险的前瞻性研究中，招募了25名双胎母亲和38名单胎母亲，测量她们月经周期中血清雌二醇、孕酮、睾酮、促卵泡激素和性激素结合球蛋白的浓度。孕期，怀有双胎的女性血清雌二醇几何平均浓度比怀有单胎的女性高58%（p = 0.02），睾酮浓度高50%（p = 0.03）。既往有过双胎妊娠的女性，其促卵泡激素平均浓度比仅育有单胎的女性高49%（p = 0.02），性激素结合球蛋白浓度高42%（p = 0.03），但雌二醇、孕酮和睾酮浓度无显著差异。双胎母亲月经周期中促卵泡激素浓度升高，此前两项研究也有报道，这表明促卵泡激素水平可能是双卵双胎的一个重要决定因素。
