Jadad A R, Gagliardi A
Health Information Research Unit, Canadian Cochrane Network and Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario.
JAMA. 1998 Feb 25;279(8):611-4. doi: 10.1001/jama.279.8.611.
The rapid growth of the Internet has triggered an information revolution of unprecedented magnitude. Despite its obvious benefits, the increase in the availability of information could also result in many potentially harmful effects on both consumers and health professionals who do not use it appropriately.
To identify instruments used to rate Web sites providing health information on the Internet, rate criteria used by them, establish the degree of validation of the instruments, and provide future directions for research in this area.
MEDLINE (1966-1997), CINAHL (1982-1997), HEALTH (1975-1997), Information Science Abstracts (1966 to September 1995), Library and Information Science Abstracts (1969-1995), and Library Literature (1984-1996); the search engines Lycos, Excite, Open Text, Yahoo, HotBot, Infoseek, and Magellan; Internet discussion lists; meeting proceedings; multiple Web pages; and reference lists. INSTRUMENT SELECTION: Instruments used at least once to rate the quality of Web sites providing health information with their rating criteria available on the Internet.
The name of the developing organization, Internet address, rating criteria, information on the development of the instrument, number and background of people generating the assessments, and data on the validity and reliability of the measurements.
A total of 47 rating instruments were identified. Fourteen provided a description of the criteria used to produce the ratings, and 5 of these provided instructions for their use. None of the instruments identified provided information on the interobserver reliability and construct validity of the measurements.
Many incompletely developed instruments to evaluate health information exist on the Internet. It is unclear, however, whether they should exist in the first place, whether they measure what they claim to measure, or whether they lead to more good than harm.
互联网的迅速发展引发了一场规模空前的信息革命。尽管其益处显而易见，但信息可得性的增加也可能对未恰当使用信息的消费者和健康专业人员产生许多潜在的有害影响。
识别用于评估互联网上提供健康信息的网站的工具、它们所使用的评估标准、确定这些工具的验证程度，并为该领域的未来研究提供方向。
医学文献数据库（1966 - 1997年）、护理学与健康领域数据库（1982 - 1997年）、健康数据库（1975 - 1997年）、信息科学文摘（1966年至1995年9月）、图书馆与信息科学文摘（1969 - 1995年）以及图书馆文献（1984 - 1996年）；搜索引擎Lycos、Excite、Open Text、雅虎、HotBot、Infoseek和麦哲伦；互联网讨论列表；会议论文集；多个网页；以及参考文献列表。工具选择：至少使用过一次以评估提供健康信息的网站质量且其评估标准可在互联网上获取的工具。
开发组织名称、互联网地址、评估标准、工具开发信息、进行评估的人员数量及背景，以及测量的有效性和可靠性数据。
共识别出47种评估工具。其中14种提供了用于生成评估结果的标准描述，其中5种提供了使用说明。所识别的工具均未提供关于测量的观察者间信度和结构效度的信息。
互联网上存在许多开发不完善的用于评估健康信息的工具。然而，尚不清楚它们是否一开始就应存在，是否测量了它们所宣称要测量的内容，或者是否利大于弊。
