del Giudice P, Marty P, Lacour J P, Perrin C, Pratlong F, Haas H, Dellamonica P, Le Fichoux Y
Department of Infectious Diseases, Center Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, France.
Arch Dermatol. 1998 Feb;134(2):193-8. doi: 10.1001/archderm.134.2.193.
Leishmania infantum recently has been identified as a possible agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). This species has been isolated from cutaneous lesions of patients from the Mediterranean Basin. However, little is known about the clinical, biological, or therapeutic features of this newly recognized CL.
Six patients aged 9 months to 85 years in southeastern France were found to have autochthonous leishmaniasis. Parasitological identification showed that the agent was L infantum, zymodemes Montpellier-1 for 2 patients and Montpellier-24 for 1 patient. Five patients who underwent testing with a Western blot assay were found to have antibodies against 4 antigens with molecular masses of 18, 21, 23, and 31 kd. Five patients were successfully treated with local injections of N-methylglucamine, and 1 patient was successfully treated with topical paromomycin sulfate. No patient had visceral disease at diagnosis or after follow-up.
Recent data provide increasing evidence that L infantum is an important agent of CL. In southwestern Europe, this species is the only agent that has long been identified from autochthonous CL. Leishmania infantum should be considered an agent of CL in areas in which visceral leishmaniasis is endemic. Western blot assay could be a useful test for the diagnosis, but precise parasitological identification is important to having a better knowledge of the disease. The relationships between CL and the visceral disease have to be explored.
婴儿利什曼原虫最近被确定为皮肤利什曼病（CL）的一种可能病原体。该物种已从地中海盆地患者的皮肤病变中分离出来。然而，对于这种新认识的CL的临床、生物学或治疗特征知之甚少。
在法国东南部发现6例年龄在9个月至85岁之间的患者患有本地利什曼病。寄生虫学鉴定显示病原体为婴儿利什曼原虫，其中2例为蒙彼利埃-1酶株，1例为蒙彼利埃-24酶株。5例接受免疫印迹试验检测的患者被发现对分子量为18、21、23和31kd的4种抗原有抗体。5例患者通过局部注射N-甲基葡糖胺成功治愈，1例患者通过局部应用硫酸巴龙霉素成功治愈。诊断时及随访后所有患者均无内脏疾病。
最近的数据提供了越来越多的证据表明婴儿利什曼原虫是CL的重要病原体。在欧洲西南部，该物种是长期以来从本地CL中鉴定出的唯一病原体。在内脏利什曼病流行地区，应将婴儿利什曼原虫视为CL的病原体。免疫印迹试验可能是一种有用的诊断检测方法，但精确的寄生虫学鉴定对于更好地了解该疾病很重要。必须探索CL与内脏疾病之间的关系。
