Univ. Lille, Univ. French Guiana, CNRS UMR 9017-INSERM U1019, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille-CIIL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.
Laboratoire de Recherche, LR 16-IPT-06, Parasitoses Médicales, Biotechnologies et Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El-Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
Front Immunol. 2023 Jul 27;14:1134020. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1134020. eCollection 2023.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by infection with the parasite exhibits a large spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from single healing to severe chronic lesions with the manifestation of resistance or not to treatment. Depending on the specie and multiple environmental parameters, the evolution of lesions is determined by a complex interaction between parasite factors and the early immune responses triggered, including innate and adaptive mechanisms. Moreover, lesion resolution requires parasite control as well as modulation of the pathologic local inflammation responses and the initiation of wound healing responses. Here, we have summarized recent advances in understanding the immune response to cutaneous leishmaniasis: ) in North Africa caused by , , and , which caused in most cases localized autoresolutives forms, and ) in French Guiana resulting from and , two of the most prevalent strains that may induce potentially mucosal forms of the disease. This review will allow a better understanding of local immune parameters, including cellular and cytokines release in the lesion, that controls infection and/or protect against the pathogenesis in new world compared to old world CL.
皮肤利什曼病（CL）是由寄生虫感染引起的，其临床表现范围广泛，从单一愈合到严重的慢性病变，表现为对治疗的抵抗或不抵抗。根据物种和多种环境参数，病变的演变取决于寄生虫因素与早期免疫反应之间的复杂相互作用，包括先天和适应性机制。此外，病变的解决需要控制寄生虫以及调节病理性局部炎症反应和启动伤口愈合反应。在这里，我们总结了对皮肤利什曼病免疫反应的最新认识：）在北非由 、 、 和 引起，这些寄生虫通常导致局部自限性形式的感染；）在法属圭亚那由 和 引起，这两种寄生虫是最常见的菌株之一，可能导致潜在的黏膜形式的疾病。与旧世界 CL 相比，这篇综述将有助于更好地了解局部免疫参数，包括病变中细胞和细胞因子的释放，这些参数控制着感染和/或对新的世界的发病机制的保护。
