Tran T V, Williams L F
Boston College, Graduate School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167, USA.
Soc Work Health Care. 1998;26(4):59-78. doi: 10.1300/J010v26n04_04.
This study employed data from a prior national survey of elderly Hispanics to examine the relationship between poverty and functionally impaired status, i.e., impairment in activities of daily living (IADL). The sample for this study consists of 1,685 Hispanics age 65 and older, representing four ethnic groups: Mexicans, Cubans, Puerto Ricans, and other Hispanics. Ethnic comparisons based on personal characteristics, poverty status and IADL found there were differences among the groups analyzed in terms of marital status, language, religion, age, education, poverty, and IADL. Logistic regression findings revealed that elderly Hispanics who were married, bilingual, and had higher educational achievement were more likely to live above the poverty level than were their counterparts. Findings from an ordinary least squares regression analysis revealed that poor elderly Hispanics had more IADL problems; that men had more IADL problems than women; that IADL problems tended to increase with age; that more educated people had fewer IADL problems; that Cubans had fewer IADL problems than other Hispanics; and that Puerto Ricans had more IADL problems than all other Hispanics. Implications for social work practice are discussed.
本研究采用了之前一项针对西班牙裔老年人的全国性调查数据，以检验贫困与功能受损状况之间的关系，即日常生活活动（IADL）受损情况。本研究的样本包括1685名65岁及以上的西班牙裔，代表四个族裔群体：墨西哥人、古巴人、波多黎各人以及其他西班牙裔。基于个人特征、贫困状况和IADL的族裔比较发现，在所分析的群体之间，在婚姻状况、语言、宗教、年龄、教育程度、贫困状况和IADL方面存在差异。逻辑回归结果显示，已婚、会双语且教育程度较高的西班牙裔老年人比其同龄人更有可能生活在贫困线以上。普通最小二乘法回归分析结果显示，贫困的西班牙裔老年人存在更多IADL问题；男性比女性存在更多IADL问题；IADL问题往往随着年龄增长而增加；受教育程度较高的人IADL问题较少；古巴人的IADL问题比其他西班牙裔少；波多黎各人的IADL问题比所有其他西班牙裔都多。文中还讨论了对社会工作实践的启示。
