Johan A, Chan C C, Chia H P, Chan O Y, Wang Y T
Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
Eur Respir J. 1997 Dec;10(12):2825-8. doi: 10.1183/09031936.97.10122825.
Maximal static inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures (PI,max and PE,max, respectively) enable the noninvasive measurement of global respiratory muscle strength. The aim of this study was primarily to obtain normal values of PI,max and PE,max for adult Chinese, Malays and Indians and, secondarily, to study their effect on lung volumes in these subjects. Four hundred and fifty two healthy subjects (221 Chinese, 111 Malays, 120 Indians) were recruited. Measurements of PI,max from residual volume (RV), PE,max from total lung capacity (TLC) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were obtained in the seated position. There were significant ethnic differences in PI,max and PE,max measurements obtained in males, and FVC measurements in both males and females. Chinese males had higher PI,max values (mean (+/-SD) 88.7+/-32.5 cmH2O) and higher PE,max values (113.4+/-41.5) than Malay males (PI,max 74.0+/-22.7 cmH2O, PE,max 94.7+/-23.4 cmH2O). Chinese males had higher PE,max than Indian males (PI,max = 83.7+/-30.0 cmH2O, PE,max 98.4+/-29.2 cmH2O). There were no significant differences among Chinese females (PI,max 53.6+/-2.3 cmH2O, PE,max 68.3+/-24.0 cmH2O), Malay females (PI,max 50.7+/-18.3 cmH2O, PE,max 63.6+/-21.6 cmH2O) and Indian females (PI,max 50.0+/-15.2 cmH2O, PE,max 60.7+/-20.4 cmH2O). In both sexes, the Chinese had a higher FVC compared with Malays and Indians. After adjusting for age, height and weight, race was still a determinant for PE,max in males, and FVC in both sexes. The FVC only correlated weakly with PI,max and PE,max in both sexes. Ethnic differences in respiratory muscle strength, and lung volumes, occur among Asians. However, respiratory muscle strength does not explain the differences in lung volumes in healthy Asian subjects.
最大静态吸气和呼气口腔压力（分别为PI,max和PE,max）可实现对整体呼吸肌力量的无创测量。本研究的目的主要是获取成年中国人、马来人和印度人的PI,max和PE,max正常值，其次是研究它们对这些受试者肺容积的影响。招募了452名健康受试者（221名中国人、111名马来人、120名印度人）。在坐位时测量从残气量（RV）获取的PI,max、从肺总量（TLC）和用力肺活量（FVC）获取的PE,max。在男性中获得的PI,max和PE,max测量值以及在男性和女性中获得的FVC测量值存在显著的种族差异。中国男性的PI,max值（平均值（±标准差）88.7±32.5 cmH2O）和PE,max值（113.4±41.5）高于马来男性（PI,max 74.0±22.7 cmH2O，PE,max 94.7±23.4 cmH2O）。中国男性的PE,max高于印度男性（PI,max = 83.7±30.0 cmH2O，PE,max 98.4±29.2 cmH2O）。中国女性（PI,max 53.6±2.3 cmH2O，PE,max 68.3±24.0 cmH2O）、马来女性（PI,max 50.7±18.3 cmH2O，PE,max 63.6±21.6 cmH2O）和印度女性（PI,max 50.0±15.2 cmH2O，PE,max 60.7±20.4 cmH2O）之间没有显著差异。在两性中，中国人的FVC均高于马来人和印度人。在调整年龄、身高和体重后，种族仍然是男性PE,max以及两性FVC的一个决定因素。在两性中，FVC与PI,max和PE,max的相关性都很弱。亚洲人之间存在呼吸肌力量和肺容积的种族差异。然而，呼吸肌力量并不能解释健康亚洲受试者肺容积的差异。
