Case-Smith J, Bigsby R, Clutter J
Division of Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Medical Professions, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
Am J Occup Ther. 1998 Feb;52(2):102-10. doi: 10.5014/ajot.52.2.102.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of haptic attributes of objects on infants' grasping patterns and evaluate whether this effect is influenced by the infant's age (i.e., phase of motor development).
Grasping patterns of 180 infants who were typically developing were measured by the Posture and Fine Motor Assessment of Infants (PFMAI); the PFMAI-I was administered to infants 2 months to 6 months of age (n = 60), and the PFMAI-II was administered to infants 6 months to 12 months of age (n = 120). Grasping patterns were compared for ages by month and for three objects, each with differing haptic features. The interaction between age and object was analyzed.
Grasping patterns were significantly different when scores by age in months were compared. In addition, grasping patterns differed depending on the object and its haptic features and were influenced by the interaction between object held and age. Certain haptic features were associated with primitive grasp at younger ages and precision grasp at older ages. More mature skills were observed when the objects' haptic features appeared to match an infant's perceptual-motor skill.
The haptic features of objects influence an infant's grasping patterns, and this influence changes with the infant's age. These results suggest that therapists attempt to match the haptic features of objects to the infant's perceptual-motor skill in intervention in order to enhance grasping patterns.
本研究旨在调查物体的触觉属性对婴儿抓握模式的影响，并评估这种影响是否受婴儿年龄（即运动发育阶段）的影响。
采用婴儿姿势和精细运动评估（PFMAI）对180名发育正常的婴儿的抓握模式进行测量；对2至6个月大的婴儿（n = 60）进行PFMAI - I测试，对6至12个月大的婴儿（n = 120）进行PFMAI - II测试。按月龄和三种具有不同触觉特征的物体比较抓握模式。分析年龄与物体之间的相互作用。
按月龄比较得分时，抓握模式存在显著差异。此外，抓握模式因物体及其触觉特征而异，并受所握持物体与年龄之间相互作用的影响。某些触觉特征与较小年龄时的原始抓握以及较大年龄时的精确抓握相关。当物体的触觉特征似乎与婴儿的感知运动技能相匹配时，观察到更成熟的技能。
物体的触觉特征会影响婴儿的抓握模式，并且这种影响会随着婴儿年龄的变化而改变。这些结果表明，治疗师在干预过程中应尝试使物体的触觉特征与婴儿的感知运动技能相匹配，以增强抓握模式。
