Cooper M A, Washburn K W
Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2772, USA.
Poult Sci. 1998 Feb;77(2):237-42. doi: 10.1093/ps/77.2.237.
Commercial broiler males were used to evaluate body temperature response to heat stress and its relationship to gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio. Individual gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio were obtained from 28 to 49 d in a heat stress environment (32 C) and compared to a 21 C environment. Body temperatures were measured at 28, 35, and 42 d, then daily from 43 to 48 d, and correlated with 28 to 49 d gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio. Feather cover was measured at 51 d of age as a percentage of BW. Initial 28-d body temperature was not significantly different between 21 and 32 C. Body temperature was significantly higher in the 32 C environment after 7 d of heat stress and was significantly higher than at 21 C at all points through 21 d of heat stress, with mean differences ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 C. Feather weight as a percentage of BW was significantly greater in the 21 C environment (6.22%) than the 32 C environment (5.03%). Mortality was not affected by the heat stress environment. Correlations between body temperature and gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio were low and nonsignificant for most periods in the 21 C environment. In the 32 C environment, body temperature was significantly correlated with gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio after 7 d of heat stress, with mean correlations of -0.40 for gain, -0.31 for feed consumption, and 0.24 for feed conversion ratio in Replicate 1 and -0.44 for gain, -0.40 for feed consumption, and 0.43 for feed conversion ratio in Replicate 2.
使用商品肉鸡雄性来评估体温对热应激的反应及其与增重、采食量和饲料转化率的关系。在热应激环境（32℃）下，于28至49日龄获取个体增重、采食量和饲料转化率，并与21℃环境下的数据进行比较。在28、35和42日龄测量体温，然后在43至48日龄每天测量，并将其与28至49日龄的增重、采食量和饲料转化率进行关联。在51日龄时测量羽毛覆盖度，以体重百分比表示。21℃和32℃环境下的初始28日龄体温无显著差异。热应激7天后，32℃环境下的体温显著升高，在热应激21天内的所有时间点均显著高于21℃环境，平均差异为0.5至1.0℃。21℃环境下羽毛重量占体重的百分比（6.22%）显著高于32℃环境（5.03%）。死亡率不受热应激环境影响。在21℃环境下，大多数时间段内体温与增重、采食量和饲料转化率之间的相关性较低且不显著。在32℃环境下，热应激7天后体温与增重、采食量和饲料转化率显著相关，重复1中增重的平均相关性为-0.40，采食量为-0.31，饲料转化率为0.24；重复2中增重为-0.44，采食量为-0.40，饲料转化率为0.43。
