El-Deep Mahmoud H, Ijiri Daichi, Ebeid Tarek A, Ohtsuka Akira
Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Animal Production Research Institute, Sakha Station, 33717 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
J Poult Sci. 2016 Oct 25;53(4):274-283. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.0150133.
The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of nano-selenium on growth performance, antioxidative status, and immune function in broiler chickens reared under thermoneutral (22±1°C) or high ambient temperature (35±1°C) conditions. Thirty-six broiler chicks at 15d old were randomly divided into 6 treatments in a 3×2 factorial design. The main factors included the dietary supplementation (basal diet without Se supplementation [control], basal diet with 0.3 mg of nano-elemental Se per kilogram of diet [nano-Se], and basal diet with 0.3 mg of sodium selenite per kilogram of diet [SSe]) and the ambient temperature challenge (22±1°C or 35±1°C). The birds were given the experimental diets from 15 to 30 d of age. High ambient temperature significantly depressed body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, breast muscle weight, and abdominal fat weight, while feeding nano-Se clearly alleviated these negative effects of high ambient temperature. In addition, feeding nano-Se increased glutathione peroxidase mRNA expression in liver and alleviated the negative effects of high ambient temperature via reducing the malondialdehyde content in liver and breast muscle. Furthermore, feeding nano-Se increased mRNA expression of cytokine genes (interleukins 2 and 6) under both thermoneutral and high ambient temperature conditions. Under both thermoneutral and high-temperature conditions, broiler chickens fed nano-Se had higher Se and vitamin E concentrations in breast muscle than broiler chickens fed the control diet. In contrast, feeding SSe at the same dose as nano-Se did not alleviate the negative effects of high ambient temperature on broiler chickens. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with nano-Se at 0.3 mg/kg diet might enhance growth performance by improving antioxidative or immune properties in broilers reared under high ambient temperature.
本研究的目的是考察纳米硒对处于热中性（22±1°C）或高环境温度（35±1°C）条件下饲养的肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化状态和免疫功能的影响。36只15日龄的肉雏鸡按3×2析因设计随机分为6组。主要因素包括日粮添加（不添加硒的基础日粮[对照]、每千克日粮添加0.3毫克纳米元素硒的基础日粮[纳米硒]和每千克日粮添加0.3毫克亚硒酸钠的基础日粮[亚硒酸钠]）和环境温度挑战（22±1°C或35±1°C）。从15日龄至30日龄给鸡饲喂试验日粮。高环境温度显著降低了体重增加、采食量、饲料转化率、胸肌重量和腹脂重量，而饲喂纳米硒明显减轻了高环境温度的这些负面影响。此外，饲喂纳米硒增加了肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶mRNA表达，并通过降低肝脏和胸肌中丙二醛含量减轻了高环境温度的负面影响。此外，在热中性和高环境温度条件下，饲喂纳米硒均增加了细胞因子基因（白细胞介素2和6）的mRNA表达。在热中性和高温条件下，饲喂纳米硒的肉鸡胸肌中的硒和维生素E浓度均高于饲喂对照日粮的肉鸡。相比之下，以与纳米硒相同的剂量饲喂亚硒酸钠并不能减轻高环境温度对肉鸡的负面影响。总之，日粮中添加0.3毫克/千克的纳米硒可能通过改善高环境温度下饲养的肉鸡的抗氧化或免疫特性来提高其生长性能。
