Puig L, Rocamora V, Romaní J, Saavedra M, Alomar A
Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
Pediatr Dermatol. 1998 Jan-Feb;15(1):27-30. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1470.1998.1998015027.x.
Circumscribed calcification in the dermis (calcinosis cutis) has been reported following electroencephalographic and electromyographic studies at sites of electrode placement following application of an electrode paste containing calcium chloride. Prolonged exposure and skin microabrasions seem to increase the risk of this rare complication of electrode placement, which has not been previously reported following auditory brainstem evoked potential recordings. We report the appearance of localized dermal calcifications at the sites of electrode placement (forehead and retroauricular areas) following auditory brainstem evoked potential recordings in two children, aged 3 and 2 years, respectively. In both cases the electrodes were applied after gentle scrubbing with an ethanol-impregnated gauze and interposition of a calcium chloride bentonite magma paste. The recording took about 1 hour. Erythematous macules and plaques ranging from 4 to 12 mm in diameter, studded with small stony excrescences, appeared at the areas of electrode application 1 and 5 days later, respectively. Histopathologic study of 4 mm punch biopsy specimens showed amorphous dermal deposits of calcium salts. There was superficial ulceration and transepidermal elimination of the calcium deposits, as well as a foreign body tissue reaction in the surrounding dermis. In both patients small stony pellets were extruded during the healing process, which took 11 and 9 weeks, respectively, and left no scars.
据报道,在使用含氯化钙的电极糊剂进行脑电图和肌电图检查后,电极放置部位的真皮出现局限性钙化(皮肤钙质沉着症)。长时间暴露和皮肤微擦伤似乎会增加这种罕见的电极放置并发症的风险,而此前在听觉脑干诱发电位记录后尚未有过相关报道。我们报告了两名分别为3岁和2岁的儿童在进行听觉脑干诱发电位记录后,电极放置部位(前额和耳后区域)出现局限性真皮钙化的情况。在这两例中,电极都是在用浸有乙醇的纱布轻轻擦洗后,并在其间涂抹氯化钙膨润土岩浆糊剂后应用的。记录过程约持续1小时。分别在1天和5天后,在电极应用部位出现了直径4至12毫米的红斑性斑疹和斑块,上面布满了小的石样赘生物。对4毫米钻孔活检标本进行组织病理学研究显示,真皮内有钙盐的无定形沉积。有浅表溃疡和钙沉积物的经表皮清除,以及周围真皮的异物组织反应。在两名患者的愈合过程中,分别有小的石样颗粒排出,愈合过程分别持续11周和9周,且未留下疤痕。