Jung A C, Paauw D S
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-6420, USA.
J Gen Intern Med. 1998 Feb;13(2):131-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1998.00031.x.
To summarize current information on the relation between CD4 counts and the risk of different HIV-related diseases.
MEDLINE search of English language articles between 1985 and 1996 using the medical subject heading (MeSH) term "CD4 lymphocyte count" and searches using key words of multiple HIV-related diseases were conducted. Some HIV-related diseases can be stratified to different CD4 count levels. Regardless of their CD4 count, HIV-infected patients are susceptible to sinusitis, Kaposi's sarcoma, community-acquired pneumonia, and oral hairy leukoplakia. In advanced HIV, when CD4 is below 200/mm3, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, Mycobacterium avium complex, molluscum contagiosum, and bacillary angiomatosis all increase in incidence. In very advanced HIV disease, when CD4 counts are below 50/mm3, patients are at risk of pseudomonas pneumonia, cytomegalovirus retinitis, central nervous system lymphoma, aspergillosis, and disseminated histoplasmosis.
总结目前关于CD4细胞计数与不同HIV相关疾病风险之间关系的信息。
使用医学主题词（MeSH）术语“CD4淋巴细胞计数”对1985年至1996年间的英文文章进行MEDLINE检索，并使用多种HIV相关疾病的关键词进行检索。一些HIV相关疾病可分为不同的CD4细胞计数水平。无论CD4细胞计数如何，HIV感染患者都易患鼻窦炎、卡波西肉瘤、社区获得性肺炎和口腔毛状白斑。在晚期HIV感染中，当CD4细胞计数低于200/mm³时，卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎、弓形虫病、进行性多灶性白质脑病、鸟分枝杆菌复合体、传染性软疣和杆菌性血管瘤的发病率均会增加。在极晚期HIV疾病中，当CD4细胞计数低于50/mm³时，患者有患铜绿假单胞菌肺炎、巨细胞病毒视网膜炎、中枢神经系统淋巴瘤、曲霉病和播散性组织胞浆菌病的风险。
