Kachur S P, Nicolas E, Jean-François V, Benitez A, Bloland P B, Saint Jean Y, Mount D L, Ruebush T K, Nguyen-Dinh P
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia 30341-3724, USA.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 1998 Jan;3(1):35-9. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49891998000100006.
In October 1995 the Ministry of Public Health and Population in Haiti surveyed 42 health facilities for the prevalence and distribution of malaria infection. They examined 1,803 peripheral blood smears from patients with suspected malaria; the overall slide positivity rate was 4.0% (range, 0.0% to 14.3%). The rate was lowest among 1- to 4-year-old children (1.6%) and highest among persons aged 15 and older (5.5%). Clinical and microscopic diagnoses of malaria were unreliable; the overall sensitivity of microscopic diagnosis was 83.6%, specificity was 88.6%, and the predictive value of a positive slide was 22.2%. Microscopic diagnoses need to be improved, and adequate surveillance must be reestablished to identify areas where transmission is most intense. The generally low level of malaria is encouraging and suggests that intensified control efforts targeted to the areas of highest prevalence could further diminish the effect of malaria in Haiti.
1995年10月，海地公共卫生与人口部对42个医疗机构进行了疟疾感染患病率及分布情况的调查。他们检查了1803份疑似疟疾患者的外周血涂片；总体涂片阳性率为4.0%（范围为0.0%至14.3%）。该比率在1至4岁儿童中最低（1.6%），在15岁及以上人群中最高（5.5%）。疟疾的临床诊断和显微镜诊断不可靠；显微镜诊断的总体敏感性为83.6%，特异性为88.6%，阳性涂片的预测值为22.2%。显微镜诊断需要改进，必须重新建立充分的监测，以确定传播最严重的地区。疟疾总体水平较低令人鼓舞，这表明针对高流行地区加强控制措施可进一步降低疟疾在海地的影响。
