von Fricken Michael E, Weppelmann Thomas A, Hosford Jennifer D, Existe Alexander, Okech Bernard A
Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100188, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA ; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100009, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100009, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2013 Nov 11;6:10. doi: 10.1186/2052-3211-6-10. eCollection 2013.
Chloroquine (CQ), after 67 years of use in Haiti, is still part of the official treatment policy for malaria. Several countries around the world have used CQ in the past due to its low incidence of adverse events, therapeutic efficacy, and affordability, but were forced to switch treatment policy due to the development of widespread CQ resistance. The purpose of this paper was to compile literature on malaria treatment policies and antimalarial drug efficacy in Haiti over 67-year period.
A systematic review of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Armed Forces Pest Management Board, was conducted to find pertinent documents on national malaria treatment policies and antimalarial drug efficacy studies in Haiti between 1955 and 2012. A total of 329 citations and abstracts were reviewed independently by two researchers, of which thirty three met the final inclusion criteria of studies occurring in Haiti between 1955 and 2012 which specifically discuss malaria treatment policies and drug efficacy.
Results suggest that CQ has been the predominant antimalarial drug in use from 1955 to 2012. In 2010 single dose primaquine (PQ) was added to the national treatment policy, however it is not clear whether this new policy has been put into practice.
Although no widespread CQ resistance has been reported, some studies have detected low levels of CQ resistance. Increased surveillance and monitoring for CQ resistance should be implemented in Haiti.
氯喹（CQ）在海地使用67年后，仍是疟疾官方治疗政策的一部分。过去世界上有几个国家使用CQ，因其不良事件发生率低、治疗效果好且价格低廉，但由于广泛出现CQ耐药性而被迫改变治疗政策。本文的目的是汇编关于海地67年间疟疾治疗政策和抗疟药物疗效的文献。
对PubMed、科学网和武装部队害虫管理委员会进行系统综述，以查找1955年至2012年间海地国家疟疾治疗政策和抗疟药物疗效研究的相关文件。两名研究人员独立审查了总共329篇引文和摘要，其中33篇符合1955年至2012年间在海地进行的研究的最终纳入标准，这些研究专门讨论了疟疾治疗政策和药物疗效。
结果表明，1955年至2012年期间，CQ一直是主要使用的抗疟药物。2010年，单剂量伯氨喹（PQ）被纳入国家治疗政策，但尚不清楚这一新政策是否已得到实施。
虽然尚未报告广泛的CQ耐药性，但一些研究已检测到低水平的CQ耐药性。海地应加强对CQ耐药性的监测。
