Diallo S, Ndir O, Faye O, Diop B M, Dieng Y, Bah I B, Dieng T, Gaye O, Konate L, Faye O
Service de parasitologie, Faculté de médecine, Dakar, Sénégal.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1998;91(3):208-13.
A survey of endemic malaria in Dakar was carried out in the southern sanitary district covering the city centre and neighbouring areas. The survey was scheduled from June 1994 to May 1995 in 12 sites distant from each other by 1000 to 1500 meters. Clinical and parasitological data were collected during weekly medical follow-ups at the patients' home with the systematic research of Plasmodium once a month. The study included 2,337 persons aged between 1 month and 88 years and belonging to 284 volunteer resident families. Through monthly parasitological examinations, a parasite rate (P.R.) of 0.3% and a gametocyte rate (G.R.) of 0.005% were recorded. Only Plasmodium falciparum was observed. The P.R. varied according to age: from 0.1% in the children under 2 years to 0.7% in the young adults (15-20 years) who appeared significantly more affected than the other age groups, including that of children from 2 to 9 years, of whom only 0.3% were infected by the parasite. The P.R. varied also according to the site surveyed: from 0% in the city centre to 1.3% at the periphery of the sanitary district and according to the time of year, reaching its height of 0.8%, between October and December, that is just after the rainy season. At the end of the year of survey, 929 among those surveyed were considered to have been satisfactorily followed. Their annual incidence rate was 2.4% for the parasitemia and of 1.5% for the malaria attacks. None of the participants aged under 2 years had the parasite. Among the others, the annual incidence rate varied according to the age--although not significantly--passing from 1.1% to 5.3% for parasitemia and from 0.4% to 3.0% for malaria attacks. Theses rates did not differ significantly according to site; the cases registered varied between 1% and 8% for parasitemia and 1% and 5.8% for malaria attacks. Only 10.6% of febrile subjects suffered from malaria attacks, but this rate seemed to go up between October to December, rising to 26.6% which corresponds to 1 case of malaria attacks for 4 cases of hyperthermia in that period. Weak density of Anopheline population and satisfactory medical surveillance explain the recorded results.
在达喀尔市中心及周边地区的南部卫生区开展了一项地方性疟疾调查。该调查于1994年6月至1995年5月在12个相互距离1000至1500米的地点进行。在患者家中进行每周一次的医疗随访期间收集临床和寄生虫学数据，每月系统检测疟原虫。该研究纳入了2337名年龄在1个月至88岁之间、属于284个志愿居民家庭的人员。通过每月的寄生虫学检查，记录到寄生虫感染率（P.R.）为0.3%，配子体感染率（G.R.）为0.005%。仅观察到恶性疟原虫。寄生虫感染率随年龄变化：2岁以下儿童为0.1%，青年（15 - 20岁）为0.7%，青年似乎比其他年龄组受影响更显著，包括2至9岁的儿童，其中只有0.3%被寄生虫感染。寄生虫感染率也因调查地点而异：市中心为0%，卫生区周边为1.3%，并且随年份不同而变化，在10月至12月，即雨季刚结束时达到最高值0.8%。在调查年度结束时，认为929名被调查者得到了满意的随访。他们的寄生虫血症年发病率为2.4%，疟疾发作年发病率为1.5%。2岁以下的参与者均未感染寄生虫。在其他参与者中，年发病率随年龄变化——尽管不显著——寄生虫血症从1.1%到5.3%，疟疾发作从0.4%到3.0%。这些发病率在不同地点之间没有显著差异；记录的寄生虫血症病例在1%至8%之间，疟疾发作病例在1%至5.8%之间。只有10.6%的发热患者患有疟疾发作，但这一比例在10月至12月间似乎有所上升，升至26.6%，即该时期每4例体温过高病例中有1例疟疾发作。按蚊种群密度低和医疗监测良好解释了所记录的结果。
