Bowser M T, Bebault G M, Peng X, Chen D D
Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Electrophoresis. 1997 Dec;18(15):2928-34. doi: 10.1002/elps.1150181534.
Understanding the separation process in capillary electrophoresis (CE) leads to the unification of the theories for separation science. While the separation of analytes is governed by equilibria in chromatography, and by (centrifugal) field in ultracentrifugation, the separation in CE is governed by both equilibria and (electric) field. Therefore, a comprehensive separation theory that describes the separation process of analytes in CE should be able to describe the separation processes in both chromatography and ultracentrifugation. In this paper, we propose that individual capacity factors for each analyte species be used to describe the migration behavior of an analyte. The effect of field on each analyte species, as well as the effect of equilibria are considered in deriving a generalized equation that is applicable for all separation techniques. The separation factor defined at present does not directly relate to the migration rates of the analytes, and therefore can not be used in a generalized theory. We propose that the ratio of the migration rates of a pair of analytes (gamma) should be used as the separation factor, instead of the ratio of the two capacity factors. When gamma is used to describe the separation of two closely migrating analytes, all separation techniques have the same resolution equation.
理解毛细管电泳（CE）中的分离过程有助于统一分离科学的理论。虽然分析物在色谱法中的分离受平衡控制，在超速离心中受（离心）场控制，但CE中的分离同时受平衡和（电场）场控制。因此，一个描述CE中分析物分离过程的综合分离理论应该能够描述色谱法和超速离心中的分离过程。在本文中，我们建议使用每种分析物种类的个体容量因子来描述分析物的迁移行为。在推导适用于所有分离技术的广义方程时，考虑了场对每种分析物种类的影响以及平衡的影响。目前定义的分离因子与分析物的迁移速率没有直接关系，因此不能用于广义理论。我们建议使用一对分析物的迁移速率之比（γ）作为分离因子，而不是两个容量因子之比。当用γ描述两个迁移相近的分析物的分离时，所有分离技术都有相同的分辨率方程。
