Lewinsohn P M, Gotlib I H, Lewinsohn M, Seeley J R, Allen N B
Oregon Research Institute, Eugene 97403-1983, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1998 Feb;107(1):109-17. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.107.1.109.
Gender differences in anxiety were examined in a large sample of adolescents that included 1,079 who had never met criteria for any disorder, 95 who had recovered from an anxiety disorder, and 47 who had a current anxiety disorder. Participants were examined on a wide array of psychosocial measures. There was a preponderance of females among current and recovered anxiety disorder cases, but not among those who had never experienced an anxiety disorder. The female preponderance emerges early in life, and retrospective data indicate that at age 6, females are already twice as likely to have experienced an anxiety disorder than are males. Psychosocial variables that were correlated with both anxiety and gender were identified. Statistically controlling for these variables did not eliminate the gender differences in prevalence or anxiety symptom means.
在一大群青少年样本中研究了焦虑症的性别差异，该样本包括1079名从未符合任何疾病标准的青少年、95名已从焦虑症中康复的青少年以及47名患有当前焦虑症的青少年。对参与者进行了一系列广泛的心理社会测量。在当前和已康复的焦虑症病例中女性占多数，但在从未经历过焦虑症的人群中并非如此。女性占多数的情况在生命早期就出现了，回顾性数据表明，在6岁时，女性经历焦虑症的可能性已经是男性的两倍。确定了与焦虑症和性别都相关的心理社会变量。对这些变量进行统计控制并没有消除患病率或焦虑症状平均值方面的性别差异。
