Quaranta A, Portalatini P, Henderson D
Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, University of Bari, Italy.
Scand Audiol Suppl. 1998;48:75-86.
Temporary threshold shift (TTS) as well as permanent threshold shift (PTS) represent the most common hearing effect of acute and chronic high level acoustic stimulation. TTS is typically related to the traumatizing stimulus spectrum and to the exposure level and duration. The stapedial acoustic reflex as well as the repetition rate of the exposure may influence TTS. PTS is related to a number of factors including exposure duration, subject's age, exposure to other ototoxic factors, presence of impulse noise components, etc. PTS is usually accompanied with alterations of several cochlear functions leading to altered speech discrimination mostly in presence of background noise. The main characteristics of both TTS and PTS are reviewed and discussed.
暂时性阈移（TTS）以及永久性阈移（PTS）是急性和慢性高强度声刺激最常见的听力效应。TTS通常与致伤刺激频谱、暴露水平和持续时间有关。镫骨肌声反射以及暴露的重复率可能会影响TTS。PTS与多种因素有关，包括暴露持续时间、受试者年龄、接触其他耳毒性因素、脉冲噪声成分的存在等。PTS通常伴随着几种耳蜗功能的改变，主要在存在背景噪声的情况下导致言语辨别能力改变。本文对TTS和PTS的主要特征进行了综述和讨论。
