Ko J C, Nicklin C F, Montgomery T, Kuo W C
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0136, USA.
J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998 Mar-Apr;34(2):164-74. doi: 10.5326/15473317-34-2-164.
Nine ferrests were used in a crossover study to determine the anesthetic effects of intramuscular (i.m.) administration of a low dose of tiletamine-zolazepam (1.5 mg/kg body weight)-xylazine (1.5 mg/kg body weight); a high dose of tiletamine-zolazepam (3 mg/kg body weight)-xylazine (3 mg/kg body weight); and tiletamine-zolazepam (1.5 mg/kg body weight)-xylazine (1.5 mg/kg body weight)-butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg body weight). All ferrets became laterally recumbent within two minutes following the administration of each drug combination. The tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine-butorphanol combination induced significantly longer (p less than 0.05) durations of tail clamp analgesia (mean +/- standard deviation [SD], 90.0 +/- 17.1 min versus 17.8 +/- 15.8 min and 41.9 +/- 26.3 min) and endotracheal intubation (mean +/- SD, 84.8 +/- 21.7 min versus 5.2 +/- 10.3 min and 26.3 +/- 29.8 min) than the low-dose tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine and high-dose tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine combinations, respectively. Heart rates and the times from dorsal recumbency to standing were not significantly different among the three treatment groups. However, systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine-butorphanol group. Ventilatory function was more depressed in the tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine-butorphanol group than in the low-dose tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine and high-dose tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine groups. A short period of hypoxia was observed in the tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine-butorphanol-treated ferrets. Tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine-butorphanol was found to be the best of the three combinations evaluated in these ferrets. The addition of butorphanol to the low-dose tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine combination greatly enhanced the duration of analgesia, endotracheal intubation, and dorsal recumbency. However, since hypoxemia occurred during the tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine-butorphanol anesthesia, oxygen (O2) insufflation is recommended. Doubling the dose of the low-dose tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine increased the duration of analgesia and endotracheal intubation without prolonging the recovery when compared to the low-dose tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine group.
在一项交叉研究中，使用了九只雪貂来确定肌肉注射低剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮（1.5毫克/千克体重） - 赛拉嗪（1.5毫克/千克体重）、高剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮（3毫克/千克体重） - 赛拉嗪（3毫克/千克体重）以及替来他明 - 唑拉西泮（1.5毫克/千克体重） - 赛拉嗪（1.5毫克/千克体重） - 布托啡诺（0.2毫克/千克体重）的麻醉效果。在给予每种药物组合后两分钟内，所有雪貂均侧卧。与低剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪组合和高剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪组合相比，替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪 - 布托啡诺组合诱导的尾夹镇痛持续时间（平均值±标准差[SD]，90.0±17.1分钟对17.8±15.8分钟和41.9±26.3分钟）和气管插管持续时间（平均值±SD，84.8±21.7分钟对5.2±10.3分钟和26.3±29.8分钟）明显更长（p＜0.05）。三个治疗组之间的心率以及从仰卧到站立的时间无显著差异。然而，替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪 - 布托啡诺组的收缩压明显更低。替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪 - 布托啡诺组的通气功能比低剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪组和高剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪组更受抑制。在接受替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪 - 布托啡诺治疗的雪貂中观察到短时间的缺氧。在这些雪貂中，替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪 - 布托啡诺被发现是所评估的三种组合中最佳的。在低剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪组合中添加布托啡诺极大地延长了镇痛、气管插管和仰卧的持续时间。然而，由于在替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪 - 布托啡诺麻醉期间发生了低氧血症，建议进行氧气（O2）吹入。与低剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪组相比，将低剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮 - 赛拉嗪的剂量加倍可延长镇痛和气管插管的持续时间，而不会延长恢复时间。
