Bakketeig L S
National Institute of Public Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1998 Jan;52 Suppl 1:S1-4.
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) implies that intrauterine growth has been inhibited and that the fetus has not attained its growth potential. IUGR is a clinical term, and the diagnosis is usually based on small size for gestational age at birth (SGA). However, IUGR is not equal to SGA. Women seem to be programmed for having births of a certain size; some SGA babies are not IUGR, and some larger babies are still IUGR. A large number of growth charts, based on populations with different inclusion criteria and constructed according to different methods, have been developed and used; this complicates or invalidates comparisons between studies and populations. Growth charts (in percentiles) ought to be standardized and population-specific. In addition, the charts, when used as diagnostic tools, should allow for controlling for factors like sex and parity and, if possible, previous reproduction experience.
宫内生长受限（IUGR）意味着宫内生长受到抑制，胎儿未达到其生长潜能。IUGR是一个临床术语，诊断通常基于出生时小于胎龄（SGA）。然而，IUGR并不等同于SGA。女性似乎生来就倾向于生育特定大小的婴儿；一些小于胎龄儿并非宫内生长受限，而一些较大的婴儿仍可能是宫内生长受限。已经开发并使用了大量基于不同纳入标准人群且根据不同方法构建的生长图表；这使得不同研究和人群之间的比较变得复杂或无效。生长图表（以百分位数表示）应该标准化且针对特定人群。此外，当将这些图表用作诊断工具时，应该能够控制诸如性别、胎次等因素，并且如果可能的话，还应考虑既往生育经历。
