Nieman D C, Nehlsen-Cannarella S L, Fagoaga O R, Henson D A, Utter A, Davis J M, Williams F, Butterworth D E
Departments of Health, Leisure, and Exercise Science and Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1998 Apr;84(4):1252-9. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1998.84.4.1252.
The influence of exercise mode and 6% carbohydrate (C) vs. placebo (P) beverage ingestion on granulocyte and monocyte phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity (GMPOB) after prolonged and intensive exertion was measured in 10 triathletes. The triathletes acted as their own controls and ran or cycled for 2.5 h at approximately 75% maximal O2 uptake, ingesting C or P (4 total sessions, random order, with beverages administered in double-blind fashion). During the 2. 5-h exercise bouts, C or P (4 ml/kg) was ingested every 15 min. Five blood samples were collected (15 min before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 1.5, 3, and 6 h after exercise). The pattern of change over time for GMPOB was significantly different between C and P conditions (P </= 0.05), with postexercise values lower during the C trials. Little difference was measured between running and cycling modes. C relative to P ingestion (but not exercise mode) was associated with higher plasma levels of glucose and insulin, lower plasma levels of cortisol and growth hormone, and lower blood neutrophil and monocyte cell counts. These data indicate that C vs. P ingestion is associated with higher plasma glucose levels, an attenuated cortisol response, and lower GMPOB.
在10名铁人三项运动员中，测量了运动模式以及摄入6%碳水化合物（C）饮料与安慰剂（P）饮料对长时间高强度运动后粒细胞和单核细胞吞噬作用及氧化爆发活性（GMPOB）的影响。这些铁人三项运动员以自身作为对照，以约75%最大摄氧量的强度跑步或骑行2.5小时，同时摄入C饮料或P饮料（共4次训练，随机顺序，饮料采用双盲方式给予）。在2.5小时的运动过程中，每15分钟摄入C饮料或P饮料（4毫升/千克）。采集了五份血样（运动前15分钟、运动后即刻以及运动后1.5、3和6小时）。C组和P组之间，GMPOB随时间的变化模式存在显著差异（P≤0.05），在C组试验中运动后的数值较低。跑步和骑行模式之间差异不大。与摄入P饮料相比，摄入C饮料（而非运动模式）与更高的血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素水平、更低的血浆皮质醇和生长激素水平以及更低的血液中性粒细胞和单核细胞计数相关。这些数据表明，与摄入P饮料相比，摄入C饮料与更高的血浆葡萄糖水平、减弱的皮质醇反应以及更低的GMPOB有关。
