Martínez-Frías M L, Rodríguez-Pinilla E, Bermejo E, Prieto L
ECEMC, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Teratology. 1998 Jan;57(1):8-12. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9926(199801)57:1<8::AID-TERA2>3.0.CO;2-#.
The adverse effect of therapeutic use of sex hormones during pregnancy inducing pseudohermaphroditism in female offspring has been well known since the early 1950s. Consequently there has been great concern about the potential effects on the offspring of women who use these agents during gestation. Some studies have reported an association, particularly of oral contraceptives used during pregnancy, with specific types of congenital defects, while this was not observed in other studies. Here we present the results of a large case-control study on the effect of prenatal exposure to each type of sex hormone. Cases were those malformed infants of unknown cause, that is, excluding syndromes and those cases with defects that have dominant or recessive inheritance, and those due to recognized teratogens. The controls were selected from the same population as the cases and are representative of those who, had they developed malformations, would have been selected as cases. The results, after controlling potential cofounder factors with different logistic regression analyses, do not support the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to sex hormones increases the risk of genital and nongenital malformations.
自20世纪50年代初以来，孕期使用性激素进行治疗会导致女性后代出现假两性畸形这一不良影响就已为人所知。因此，人们非常关注孕期使用这些药物的女性其后代可能受到的影响。一些研究报告了一种关联，特别是孕期使用口服避孕药与特定类型的先天性缺陷之间的关联，而其他研究并未观察到这种关联。在此，我们展示了一项关于产前接触每种性激素影响的大型病例对照研究的结果。病例为病因不明的畸形婴儿，即排除综合征以及那些具有显性或隐性遗传缺陷的病例，还有那些由已知致畸物导致的病例。对照是从与病例相同的人群中选取的，并且代表了那些如果出现畸形就会被选为病例的人群。在通过不同的逻辑回归分析控制了潜在的混杂因素后，结果并不支持产前接触性激素会增加生殖器和非生殖器畸形风险这一假设。
