Harmon R J, Bender B G, Linden M G, Robinson A
Division of Child Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998 Mar;37(3):286-91. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199803000-00013.
To investigate the adolescent and early adult adaptation of a group of 47,XXX women as compared with their siblings, addressing developmental differences in adaptation and psychiatric status.
Subjects included eleven 47,XXX women and nine female sibling controls. Interviews during adolescence and during early adulthood were semistructured and included a psychiatric evaluation. Four areas of inquiry were (1) relationships with other family members, (2) sense of self-esteem, (3) sexual identity and preference, and (4) responses to life stressors. A DSM-IV psychiatric diagnosis was assigned where appropriate. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime version was also administered, and assessments of overall functioning and adaptation were completed.
The 47,XXX women during adolescence and young adulthood were less well adapted; had more stress; had more work, leisure, and relationship problems; had a lower IQ; and showed more psychopathology when contrasted with the comparison group. However, most of the 47,XXX women were self-sufficient and functioning reasonably well, albeit less well than their siblings.
This longitudinal study has clarified that previously reported outcomes of severe psychopathology and antisocial behavior in individuals with sex chromosome anomalies are rare and variability in the behavioral phenotype is much larger than originally appreciated.
调查一组47,XXX女性在青少年期及成年早期的适应情况，并与她们的兄弟姐妹进行比较，探讨适应能力和精神状态方面的发育差异。
研究对象包括11名47,XXX女性和9名女性同胞对照。在青少年期和成年早期进行的访谈采用半结构化形式，包括精神科评估。调查的四个方面为：（1）与其他家庭成员的关系；（2）自尊感；（3）性身份和性取向；（4）对生活压力源的反应。在适当情况下进行DSM-IV精神科诊断。还使用了情感障碍与精神分裂症问卷（终生版），并完成了整体功能和适应情况的评估。
与对照组相比，47,XXX女性在青少年期和成年早期适应能力较差；压力更大；在工作、休闲和人际关系方面存在更多问题；智商较低；且表现出更多精神病理学症状。然而，大多数47,XXX女性能够自给自足，功能发挥基本良好，尽管比她们的兄弟姐妹要差一些。
这项纵向研究表明，先前报道的性染色体异常个体出现严重精神病理学症状和反社会行为的情况较为罕见，行为表型的变异性比最初认为的要大得多。
