Bailey J S, Cason J A, Cox N A
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Russell Research Center, Athens, Georgia 30604-5677, USA.
Poult Sci. 1998 Mar;77(3):394-9. doi: 10.1093/ps/77.3.394.
The potential of Salmonella contamination in hatching cabinets to 1) generate seeder chicks and 2) interfere with the efficacy of competitive exclusion (CE) treatments was investigated in six experiments. Hatchery-generated seeder: chicks were produced by hatching in the same hatcher with inoculated eggs (immersed in a 1.0 x 10(5) cfu/mL suspension of Salmonella typhimurium or inoculated with 10(5) to 10(6) cells on the air cell membrane). Salmonella spread through the hatching cabinet to chicks hatching from uninoculated eggs in adjacent trays. In two experiments, Salmonella was isolated from 31 and 100% of the chick rinses after the birds were held in groups for 3 d in isolation units. When these hatchery-generated seeder chicks were stocked in floor pens at a 1:10 ratio with uncontaminated contact chicks, the pen environment became contaminated to the extent that greater than 50% of the contact chicks became contaminated. In two experiments with only one to three inoculated eggs per 200 egg hatching cabinet, 98% of uninoculated chicks were intestinally colonized with Salmonella after the birds were held 1 wk in isolation cabinets. This hatchery-acquired Salmonella substantially reduced the effectiveness of subsequent CE treatments to prevent Salmonella colonization of the young chicks. These studies demonstrate that control of Salmonella in hatching cabinets is critically important for control of Salmonella in broilers.
在六个实验中研究了孵化箱中沙门氏菌污染的可能性，即1）产生带菌雏鸡，以及2）干扰竞争排斥（CE）处理的效果。孵化场产生的带菌雏鸡：通过在同一孵化器中孵化接种过的种蛋（浸泡在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌1.0×10⁵ cfu/mL悬浮液中或在气室膜上接种10⁵至10⁶个细胞）来生产雏鸡。沙门氏菌通过孵化箱传播到相邻托盘未接种种蛋孵化出的雏鸡身上。在两个实验中，将雏鸡在隔离单元中成群饲养3天后，从31%和100%的雏鸡冲洗液中分离出了沙门氏菌。当这些孵化场产生的带菌雏鸡以1:10的比例与未受污染的接触雏鸡一起饲养在地面围栏中时，围栏环境受到污染，以至于超过50%的接触雏鸡被污染。在两个实验中，每个200个蛋的孵化箱中仅接种一到三个种蛋，雏鸡在隔离箱中饲养1周后，98%未接种的雏鸡肠道被沙门氏菌定殖。这种孵化场获得的沙门氏菌大大降低了后续CE处理预防雏鸡沙门氏菌定殖的效果。这些研究表明，控制孵化箱中的沙门氏菌对于控制肉鸡中的沙门氏菌至关重要。
