Robertson P B, Walsh M M, Greene J C
Department of Periodontics School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
Adv Dent Res. 1997 Sep;11(3):307-12. doi: 10.1177/08959374970110030101.
This is a review of studies conducted from 1988-90 on the oral consequences of snuff and chewing tobacco use among professional baseball players. About half of the players studied were smokeless tobacco (ST) users, the majority of whom used snuff. Compared with non-users, players who used ST showed a significantly higher prevalence of leukoplakia, which was related to placement of the ST quid, and the frequency, amount, duration, and type of ST used. Sites adjacent to these mucosal lesions showed an increased prevalence of gingival recession with associated attachment loss, cervical abrasion, and root caries than did comparable sites in non-users. Extrinsic stain and occlusal attrition were also more frequent in ST users than in non-users. While ST use placed players at significantly increased risk for mucosal lesions and other oral problems, no differences were found between ST non-users and users in measurements of batting, fielding, and pitching performance during the baseball season.
这是一篇关于1988 - 1990年对职业棒球运动员使用鼻烟和嚼烟的口腔后果所开展研究的综述。约一半接受研究的运动员是无烟烟草使用者，其中大多数使用鼻烟。与非使用者相比，使用无烟烟草的运动员患白斑的患病率显著更高，这与无烟烟草块的放置位置以及使用无烟烟草的频率、量、持续时间和类型有关。与非使用者的相应部位相比，这些黏膜病变附近部位牙龈退缩伴附着丧失、颈部磨损和根面龋的患病率有所增加。无烟烟草使用者的外源性染色和咬合磨损也比非使用者更常见。虽然使用无烟烟草使运动员患黏膜病变和其他口腔问题的风险显著增加，但在棒球赛季期间，无烟烟草非使用者和使用者在击球、防守和投球表现的测量方面未发现差异。
