Jamner L D, Girdler S S, Shapiro D, Jarvik M E
Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, School of Social Ecology, University of California 92697-7085, USA.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1998 Feb;6(1):96-106. doi: 10.1037//1064-1297.6.1.96.
The ability of nicotine to decrease sensitivity to pain in humans has been a subject of dispute. Decreased sensitivity has been demonstrated in studies involving men, whereas the effect has been less obvious or absent in studies involving predominantly, or entirely, women. To determine whether there are gender differences in nicotine's hypoalgesic actions, ratings of electrocutaneous stimulation were obtained from 30 male and 44 female smokers and nonsmokers under placebo and nicotine conditions. Nicotine increased the pain threshold and tolerance ratings of men but had no effect on the pain ratings of women. Among men, there was no effect of smoking history, suggesting that the changes in pain perception reflect a direct pain-inhibitory effect of nicotine rather than a relief from acute nicotine withdrawal. Nicotine had no effect on mood or task ratings, indicating that the antinociceptive effects observed were not due to nicotine's putative mood effects.
尼古丁降低人类对疼痛敏感度的能力一直是个有争议的话题。在涉及男性的研究中已证实疼痛敏感度降低，而在主要或全部涉及女性的研究中，这种效果则不太明显或不存在。为了确定尼古丁的镇痛作用是否存在性别差异，在安慰剂和尼古丁条件下，对30名男性和44名女性吸烟者及非吸烟者进行了皮肤电刺激评级。尼古丁提高了男性的疼痛阈值和耐受性评级，但对女性的疼痛评级没有影响。在男性中，吸烟史没有影响，这表明疼痛感知的变化反映了尼古丁直接的止痛作用，而不是急性尼古丁戒断症状的缓解。尼古丁对情绪或任务评级没有影响，这表明观察到的抗伤害感受作用并非由尼古丁假定的情绪作用所致。
