Robinson P
United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St. Thomas's, London.
Prim Dent Care. 1998 Jan;5(1):33-9.
Sharps injuries are common in dental practice and may allow transmission of blood-borne viruses. The transmission rates of hepatitis B (HBV) to non-vaccinated recipients, hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after a needlestick injury are 6-30%, 2.7-10% and 0.1-0.3% respectively. Five strategies to prevent percutaneous injuries in dental surgeries are considered: a universal level of infection-control, surgery design, working practices, glove use and vaccinations. First-aid for sharps injuries and post-exposure management of those involving sources with HBV and HIV are described. Anticipation, planning and training can reduce the incidence of injuries and minimise their impact.
锐器伤在牙科诊疗中很常见，可能会导致血源性病原体的传播。针刺伤后，乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）传播给未接种疫苗者、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的传播率分别为6%-30%、2.7%-10%和0.1%-0.3%。文中考虑了五种预防牙科手术中经皮损伤的策略：普遍的感染控制水平、手术设计、工作规范、手套使用和疫苗接种。文中还描述了锐器伤的急救以及涉及HBV和HIV源暴露后的管理措施。预先考虑、规划和培训可以降低损伤发生率，并将其影响降至最低。
