精英足球运动员的力量与耐力

Strength and endurance of elite soccer players.

作者信息

Wisløff U, Helgerud J, Hoff J

机构信息

Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim.

出版信息

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998 Mar;30(3):462-7. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199803000-00019.

DOI:10.1097/00005768-199803000-00019

PMID:9526895

Abstract

PURPOSE

The major purpose of the present study was to examine whether there exists a relationship between preseasonal physiological tests and performance results in the soccer league. Further, it investigated maximal oxygen uptake and maximal strength in proportion to body mass for soccer players. A secondary aim was to establish some normative data of Norwegian elite soccer players.

METHODS

Two teams from the Norwegian elite soccer league participated in the study.

RESULTS/CONCLUSION: The present study supports previous investigations indicating a positive relationship between maximal aerobic capacity, physical strength, and performance results in the elite soccer league. It is concluded that for soccer players, maximal oxygen uptake should be expressed in relation to body mass raised to the power of 0.75 and maximal strength in relation to body mass raised to the power of 0.67, when the aim is to evaluate maximal aerobic capacity when running and strength capacity among players with different body mass. Midfield players had significantly higher maximal oxygen uptake compared with defense players using the traditional expression, mL x kg(-1) x min(-1), while no significant differences were found expressing maximal oxygen uptake either absolutely (L x min[-1]) or in relation to body mass raised to the power of 0.75 (mL x kg[-0.75] x min[-1]) among players grouped by position. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.61, P < 0.01) between squat IRM and vertical jump height. Vertical jump heights for defense and forward players were significantly higher compared with midfield players. Mean results from the laboratory test were 63.7 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1) or 188.6 mL x kg[-0.75] x min(-1) for maximal oxygen uptake, 150 kg or 8.0 kg x mb(-0.67) for 90 degrees squats, 79.9 kg or 4.4 kg x mb(-0.67) for bench press. Mean values of vertical jump height were 54.9 cm.

摘要

目的

本研究的主要目的是检验季前生理测试与足球联赛中的表现结果之间是否存在关联。此外，研究了足球运动员的最大摄氧量和与体重相关的最大力量。次要目的是建立挪威精英足球运动员的一些规范数据。

方法

来自挪威精英足球联赛的两支球队参与了本研究。

结果/结论：本研究支持先前的调查，表明精英足球联赛中最大有氧能力、体力和表现结果之间存在正相关。得出结论，对于足球运动员，当旨在评估不同体重球员的跑步时最大有氧能力和力量能力时，最大摄氧量应以与体重的0.75次幂相关的方式表示，最大力量应以与体重的0.67次幂相关的方式表示。使用传统表达方式（mL×kg⁻¹×min⁻¹）时，中场球员的最大摄氧量显著高于防守球员，而按位置分组的球员中，以绝对方式（L×min⁻¹）或以与体重的0.75次幂相关的方式（mL×kg⁻⁰.⁷⁵×min⁻¹）表示最大摄氧量时未发现显著差异。深蹲1RM与垂直跳高度之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.61，P < 0.01）。防守球员和前锋球员的垂直跳高度显著高于中场球员。实验室测试的平均结果为最大摄氧量63.7 mL×kg⁻¹×min⁻¹或188.6 mL×kg⁻⁰.⁷⁵×min⁻¹，90度深蹲为150 kg或8.0 kg×mb⁻⁰.⁶⁷，卧推为79.9 kg或4.4 kg×mb⁻⁰.⁶⁷。垂直跳高度的平均值为54.9厘米。