Barsoumian R, Kuehn D P, Moon J B, Canady J W
University of Rochester School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1998 Mar;35(2):101-10. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1998_035_0101_aasott_2.3.co_2.
In a gross anatomic study of 20 sides in 16 human head specimens, the tensor veli palatini, the dilatator tubae, and the tensor tympani muscles were studied. The tensor veli palatini was observed to insert onto the anterior one-third of the pterygoid hamulus, whereas the dilatator tubae rounded the middle one-third of the pterygoid hamulus without an insertion. Thus, the dilatator tubae, not the tensor veli palatini, could serve to tense the anterior velum. An insertion from the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle onto the posterior one-third of the hamulus could provide a curbing function for the dilatator tubae muscle. Adipose tissue, located at the hamulus, could provide lubrication for the tendinous fibers of the dilatator tubae as they round the hamulus. The dilatator tubae was observed to attach to the hook of the eustachian tube and is accepted as the tubal dilator. Observed on 13 of 20 sides in 11 specimens, the bulk of the dilatator tubae remained distinct from the tensor veli palatini despite a connective tissue alliance and intermingling of some muscle fibers. On 5 of 20 sides in 5 specimens, fibers of the dilatator tubae intermingled extensively with the tensor veli palatini. Of the 20 dilatator tubae muscles dissected, 2 were observed to be deficient. The tensor veli palatini was observed to be continuous with the tensor tympani. Full color versions of the figures are available at the following website: http://www.shc.uiowa.edu/papers/tensor/.
在对16个人类头部标本的20个侧面进行大体解剖学研究中，对腭帆张肌、咽鼓管扩张肌和鼓膜张肌进行了研究。观察到腭帆张肌插入翼钩的前三分之一处，而咽鼓管扩张肌绕过翼钩的中间三分之一处且无插入点。因此，是咽鼓管扩张肌而非腭帆张肌起到拉紧软腭前部的作用。咽上缩肌在翼钩后三分之一处的插入可为咽鼓管扩张肌提供抑制功能。位于翼钩处的脂肪组织可为咽鼓管扩张肌的腱纤维在绕过翼钩时提供润滑。观察到咽鼓管扩张肌附着于咽鼓管的钩部，被认为是咽鼓管扩张肌。在11个标本的共20个侧面中的13个侧面观察到，尽管有结缔组织连接且部分肌纤维相互交织，但咽鼓管扩张肌的主体仍与腭帆张肌明显分开。在5个标本的共20个侧面中的5个侧面，咽鼓管扩张肌的纤维与腭帆张肌广泛交织。在解剖的20条咽鼓管扩张肌中，观察到2条发育不全。观察到腭帆张肌与鼓膜张肌相连。这些图的全彩版本可在以下网站获取：http://www.shc.uiowa.edu/papers/tensor/ 。
