Kollara Lakshmi, Perry Jamie L, Hudson Suzanne
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2016 Feb;59(1):27-38. doi: 10.1044/2015_JSLHR-S-14-0236.
The purpose of this study is to examine craniometric and velopharyngeal anatomy among young children (4-8 years of age) with normal anatomy across Black and White racial groups.
Thirty-two healthy children (16 White and 16 Black) with normal velopharyngeal anatomy participated and successfully completed the magnetic resonance imaging scans. Measurements included 11 craniofacial and 9 velopharyngeal measures.
Two-way analysis of covariance was used to determine the effects of race and sex on velopharyngeal measures and all craniometric measures except head circumference. Head circumference was included as a covariate to control for overall cranial size. Sex did not have a significant effect on any of the craniometric measures. Significant racial differences were demonstrated for face height. A significant race effect was also observed for mean velar length, velar thickness, and velopharyngeal ratio.
The present study provides separate craniofacial and velopharyngeal values for young Black and White children. Data from this study can be used to examine morphological variations with respect to race and sex.
本研究旨在调查4至8岁黑人和白人种族群体中解剖结构正常的幼儿的颅骨测量和腭咽解剖情况。
32名腭咽解剖结构正常的健康儿童（16名白人儿童和16名黑人儿童）参与并成功完成了磁共振成像扫描。测量包括11项颅面部测量和9项腭咽测量。
采用双向协方差分析来确定种族和性别对腭咽测量以及除头围外所有颅骨测量的影响。将头围作为协变量以控制整体颅骨大小。性别对任何颅骨测量均无显著影响。在面部高度方面显示出显著的种族差异。在平均腭长度、腭厚度和腭咽比例方面也观察到显著的种族效应。
本研究提供了黑人和白人幼儿各自的颅面部和腭咽数据值。本研究的数据可用于研究种族和性别的形态学差异。
