Hashemi-Fesharki R
Department of Protozoology, Razi State Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.
Parassitologia. 1997 Jun;39(2):115-7.
Haemoparasitic diseases have long been considered as a major problem to efficient sheep and goats production in Iran. Theileriosis due to Theileria hirci and babesiosis due to Babesia ovis and B. motasi are the most pathogenic protozoa. B. crassa, Anaplasma ovis and Eperythrozoon ovis are usually non-pathogenic and do not cause any apparent problem. The major tick genera found on sheep and goats are Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus, Haemaphysalis, Ixodes and rarely Dermacentor distributed in all part of Iran. Our studies indicate that only Hyalomma ticks transmit Theileria species but the others transmit Babesia, Anaplasma and Eperythrozoon. The two latter ones can also be transmitted through some biting flies and mechanical means. Control methods presently available in Iran rely almost entirely on: (i) vaccination of sheep and goats with cell culture vaccine for theileriosis; (ii) chemotherapeutic treatment for babesiosis and anaplasmosis; (iii) acaricides for control of tick vectors.
长期以来，血液寄生虫病一直被视为伊朗绵羊和山羊高效养殖的一个主要问题。由希氏泰勒虫引起的泰勒虫病以及由绵羊巴贝斯虫和莫氏巴贝斯虫引起的巴贝斯虫病是最具致病性的原生动物病。粗短巴贝斯虫、绵羊无浆体和绵羊附红细胞体通常无致病性，不会引发任何明显问题。在伊朗各地，绵羊和山羊身上发现的主要蜱属有璃眼蜱属、扇头蜱属、血蜱属、硬蜱属，很少发现革蜱属。我们的研究表明，只有璃眼蜱能传播泰勒虫属，但其他蜱能传播巴贝斯虫、无浆体和附红细胞体。后两者也可通过一些吸血蝇和机械方式传播。伊朗目前可用的控制方法几乎完全依赖于：（i）用细胞培养疫苗对绵羊和山羊进行泰勒虫病疫苗接种；（ii）对巴贝斯虫病和无浆体病进行化学治疗；（iii）使用杀螨剂控制蜱媒。
