Tatchell R J
Parassitologia. 1997 Jun;39(2):157-60.
Tick and tick-borne disease (TBD) problems of sheep and goats are less well studied than those of cattle. Nevertheless, small ruminants are able to acquire worthwhile resistance to most tick species and the principles of enzootic stability and the need to preserve it are similar to those with cattle. In practice, sheep and goats are often grazed nomadically and initial TBD infections may be delayed. This may well account for losses from Nairobi sheep disease and heartwater. Sheep and goats are also affected by direct tick damage including tick bite abscesses, tick paralysis, tick-induced dermatophilosis, etc. Otherwise direct damage is believed to be only slight and stress from dipping causes reductions in liveweight gain greater than those caused by the ticks. Even "pour-on" preparations produce no economic benefit in studied situations despite the lack of stress. A pragmatic approach to tick management is needed for varying situations although the need to preserve enzootic stability is of paramount importance.
绵羊和山羊的蜱虫及蜱传疾病（TBD）问题的研究不如牛的相关问题深入。然而，小型反刍动物能够对大多数蜱虫种类产生有价值的抵抗力，地方病稳定性的原理以及维持该稳定性的必要性与牛的情况相似。在实际中，绵羊和山羊常常游牧放牧，最初的蜱传疾病感染可能会延迟。这很可能是内罗毕羊病和心水病造成损失的原因。绵羊和山羊还会受到蜱虫直接造成的损害，包括蜱叮咬脓肿、蜱麻痹、蜱引起的皮肤嗜皮菌病等。除此之外，人们认为直接损害很小，而且药浴带来的应激导致的体重增加减少幅度大于蜱虫造成的影响。尽管没有应激，但在研究的情况下，即使是“浇泼剂”制剂也没有产生经济效益。尽管维持地方病稳定性至关重要，但针对不同情况仍需要一种务实的蜱虫管理方法。
