Swinkels A, Dolan P
Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of the West of England.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1998 Mar 1;23(5):590-7. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199803010-00012.
A test-retest design was used to assess the reproducibility of position sense measurements of the spine recorded at T1, T7, L1, and S2.
To measure position sense at four spinal levels in healthy volunteers and to determine if this varies on a day-to-day basis. The overall purpose is to provide baseline data for studying position sense of the spine in patients with spinal lesions.
Position sense, which is one component of proprioception, is assessed by the ability to reposition the body after displacement. In peripheral joints, position sense is accurate to within a few degrees. Studies on the spine suggest similar accuracy, but most have used indirect methods of measurement that often incorporate unusual extraneous cues.
Spinal position sense was assessed in 20 healthy volunteers using an electromagnetic movement sensor system, the 3-Space Fastrak (Polhemus, Colchester, VT), to measure absolute error in actively reproducing upright and flexed positions during movements in both coronal and sagittal planes. Three randomized measurements were taken for each position in one testing session, and measurements were repeated in all participants 2 weeks later.
Same-day measurements indicate that spinal position sense is reproducible in upright postures to within a mean of 3.79 +/- 2.56 for movements in the sagittal plane and 2.26 +/- 1.59 degrees for movements in the coronal plane. Corresponding measurements for flexed postures are 5.27 degrees +/- 3.47 degrees and 3.70 +/- 2.62 degrees, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients between repeated measurements are generally good in the sagittal plane but are affected by side dominance in the coronal plane. Also, repositioning errors tend to increase on ascending the spine. Repeat measurements taken 2 weeks later show similar values.
采用重测设计来评估在T1、T7、L1和S2记录的脊柱位置觉测量的可重复性。
测量健康志愿者四个脊柱节段的位置觉，并确定其是否每天都有变化。总体目的是为研究脊柱病变患者的脊柱位置觉提供基线数据。
位置觉是本体感觉的一个组成部分，通过身体移位后重新定位的能力来评估。在外周关节中，位置觉精确到几度以内。对脊柱的研究表明有类似的精确度，但大多数研究使用的是间接测量方法，这些方法常常包含不寻常的外部线索。
使用电磁运动传感器系统3-Space Fastrak（美国佛蒙特州科尔切斯特的Polhemus公司）对20名健康志愿者的脊柱位置觉进行评估，以测量在冠状面和矢状面运动过程中主动重现直立和屈曲姿势时的绝对误差。在一次测试中，每个姿势进行三次随机测量，2周后对所有参与者重复测量。
同一天的测量表明，在矢状面运动中，脊柱在直立姿势下的位置觉可重复性平均在3.79±2.56度以内，在冠状面运动中为2.26±1.59度。屈曲姿势的相应测量值分别为5.27度±3.47度和3.70±2.62度。重复测量之间的组内相关系数在矢状面通常较好，但在冠状面受侧别优势影响。此外，随着脊柱节段上升，重新定位误差往往会增加。2周后进行的重复测量显示出相似的值。
1）使用3-Space Fastrak测量时，健康志愿者能够相当精确地重新定位其脊柱；2）这种能力在日常情况下不会有显著变化；3）3-Space Fastrak为测量脊柱位置觉提供了一种非侵入性且准确的方法。
