Eloff J N
Department of Pharmacology, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
J Ethnopharmacol. 1998 Feb;60(1):1-8. doi: 10.1016/s0378-8741(97)00123-2.
Freeze dried and finely ground leaves of two plants with known antimicrobial activity, Anthocleista grandiflora and Combretum erythrophyllum were extracted with acetone, ethanol, methanol, methylenedichloride, methanol/chloroform/water and water at a 1 to 10 ratio in each case. The quantity and diversity of compounds extracted, number of inhibitors extracted, rate of extraction, toxicity in a bioassay, ease of removal of solvent and biological hazard were evaluated for each extractant. An arbitrary scoring system was developed to evaluate the above parameters for the different extractants. Acetone gave the best results with these plants with an arbitrary value of 102 followed by methanol/chloroform/water (81), methylene dichloride (79), methanol (71), ethanol (58) and water (47). Four five minute sequential extractions of very finely ground A. grandiflora shaking at a high rate extracted 97% of the total antimicrobial activity.
将两种具有已知抗菌活性的植物——大花安托克利斯塔（Anthocleista grandiflora）和红叶风车子（Combretum erythrophyllum）的冻干细磨叶片，分别用丙酮、乙醇、甲醇、二氯甲烷、甲醇/氯仿/水以及水按1比10的比例进行提取。针对每种萃取剂，评估了所提取化合物的数量和多样性、提取出的抑制剂数量、提取速率、生物测定中的毒性、溶剂去除的难易程度以及生物危害性。开发了一种任意评分系统来评估不同萃取剂的上述参数。丙酮对这些植物的提取效果最佳，任意评分为102，其次是甲醇/氯仿/水（81）、二氯甲烷（79）、甲醇（71）、乙醇（58）和水（47）。对极细磨的大花安托克利斯塔进行四次每次五分钟的连续高速振荡萃取，可提取出97%的总抗菌活性。
