Wallander J L, Varni J W
University of Alabama at Birmingham 35291-0017, USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1998 Jan;39(1):29-46.
Research conducted primarily over the past 5-8 years on the psychosocial effects of pediatric chronic physical disorders on children and their families is reviewed. A large body of studies show that both children and their mothers, as groups, are at increased risk for psychosocial adjustment problems compared to peers, but that there is considerable individual variation in outcome. Since the last review on this topic (Eiser, 1990a), many studies have been conducted to identify risk and resistance factors associated with differences in adjustment among these children and their mothers. Improvements are noted in the theoretical basis for this work, programmatic nature of some of the research, and efforts at producing clinically relevant information. Evaluations of interventions, however, are lagging. Critical issues and future directions regarding developmental approaches, theory, method, measurement, and intervention are discussed.
本文回顾了主要在过去5至8年里开展的关于儿科慢性身体疾病对儿童及其家庭心理社会影响的研究。大量研究表明，与同龄人相比，儿童及其母亲作为群体，出现心理社会适应问题的风险更高，但结果存在相当大的个体差异。自上次关于该主题的综述（艾泽，1990年a）以来，已经开展了许多研究，以确定与这些儿童及其母亲适应差异相关的风险和抵抗因素。这项工作的理论基础、部分研究的计划性以及生成临床相关信息的努力都有改进。然而，对干预措施的评估滞后。讨论了关于发展方法、理论、方法、测量和干预的关键问题及未来方向。
