Harrison L H, Elliott J A, Dwyer D M, Libonati J P, Ferrieri P, Billmann L, Schuchat A
Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
J Infect Dis. 1998 Apr;177(4):998-1002. doi: 10.1086/515260.
Invasive group B streptococcal (GBS) infection is a major health problem among infants and adults. The formulation of GBS vaccines depends on knowledge of the GBS serotype distribution. Serotype V GBS infection appears to have recently emerged, suggesting that the serotype distribution changes over time. GBS isolates from 210 pediatric patients, 23 pregnant women, and 314 nonpregnant adults with invasive infection in Maryland were studied. The predominant serotypes from infants with early-onset disease were as follows: serotype III, 38% of isolates; serotype Ia, 36%; serotype V, 13%; and serotype II, 11%. Although the majority (60%) of isolates among infants with late-onset infection were serotype III, serotype Ia (23%) was also common. The predominant serotype among isolates from nonpregnant adult patients was serotype V, accounting for 29% of the isolates. The serotype distribution differs between pediatric patients and adults and is changing over time. The inclusion of a relatively small number of serotypes in a GBS vaccine could provide protection against the vast majority of isolates.
侵袭性B族链球菌（GBS）感染是婴幼儿和成人中的一个主要健康问题。GBS疫苗的研发取决于对GBS血清型分布的了解。V型GBS感染似乎是最近才出现的，这表明血清型分布会随时间变化。对来自马里兰州的210名儿科患者、23名孕妇和314名患有侵袭性感染的非孕妇成人的GBS分离株进行了研究。早发型疾病婴儿的主要血清型如下：III型，占分离株的38%；Ia型，36%；V型，13%；II型，11%。虽然晚发型感染婴儿中大多数（60%）的分离株是III型，但Ia型（23%）也很常见。非孕妇成人患者分离株中的主要血清型是V型，占分离株的29%。儿科患者和成人的血清型分布不同，且随时间变化。在GBS疫苗中纳入相对少数的血清型可以为绝大多数分离株提供保护。
