Zhai H, Willard P, Maibach H I
Department of Dermatology, University of California, School of Medicine 94143-0989, USA.
Contact Dermatitis. 1998 Mar;38(3):155-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05683.x.
2 acute irritants and 1 allergen were selected: sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) representative of irritant household and occupational contact dermatitis, the combination of ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) and urea to simulate diaper dermatitis, and Rhus to evaluate the effect of model protective materials. The putative protective materials and vehicle were applied to both ventral forearms of 10 subjects in each group, according to a randomized code. Test materials were spread over a marked 2.0 cm2 area, massaged in, allowed to dry for 30 min, and reapplied with another 30 min drying period. The model irritants and allergen were then applied (0.025 ml) to an Al-test occlusive patch, which in turn was placed for 24 h over each of the 8 designated sites. Inflammation was scored according to a clinical scale 72 h post-application. Paraffin wax plus Acetulan in cetyl alcohol, and beeswax plus Acetulan in cetyl alcohol, markedly (p < 0.001) suppressed SLS irritation. Paraffin wax plus beeswax in cetyl alcohol, and Acetulan in cetyl alcohol reduced NH4OH and urea irritation (p < 0.05), paraffin wax in cetyl alcohol significantly (p < 0.01) decreasing Rhus allergic contact dermatitis. This model, provides an easy approach to screening protectants. Its clinical significance requires comparison with an open rather than an occluded challenge.
选择了2种急性刺激物和1种变应原：月桂醇硫酸酯钠（SLS），它是刺激性家庭和职业接触性皮炎的代表；氢氧化铵（NH₄OH）和尿素的组合，用于模拟尿布皮炎；还有漆树，用于评估模型防护材料的效果。根据随机编码，将假定的防护材料和赋形剂应用于每组10名受试者的双侧前臂腹侧。将测试材料涂抹在2.0平方厘米的标记区域上，按摩进去，晾干30分钟，然后再次涂抹并再晾干30分钟。然后将模型刺激物和变应原（0.025毫升）涂抹在铝制测试封闭贴剂上，该贴剂依次放置在8个指定部位的每一个部位上24小时。在涂抹后72小时，根据临床量表对炎症进行评分。十六醇中的石蜡加醋炔醇，以及十六醇中的蜂蜡加醋炔醇，显著（p<0.001）抑制了SLS刺激。十六醇中的石蜡加蜂蜡以及十六醇中的醋炔醇减轻了NH₄OH和尿素的刺激（p<0.05），十六醇中的石蜡显著（p<0.01）减轻了漆树过敏性接触性皮炎。该模型为筛选防护剂提供了一种简便方法。其临床意义需要与开放性而非封闭性激发试验进行比较。
