早产儿腭部的变形。
Deformation of the palate in preterm infants.
作者信息
Procter A M, Lether D, Oliver R G, Cartlidge P H
机构信息
Department of Child Health, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff.
出版信息
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1998 Jan;78(1):F29-32. doi: 10.1136/fn.78.1.f29.
AIM
To investigate the effect of gestation, postmenstrual age, and orotracheal intubation on palate morphology.
METHODS
A prospective study was made of 76 newborn infants of 25 to 41 weeks' gestation. Palate dimensions were measured on plaster models produced from serial palatal impressions. Palate size relative to that of the mouth was assessed using a ratio of palate depth to palate width (Palatal Index).
RESULTS
Palate depth and width were related to postmenstrual age and gestation. Palatal Index ranged from 0.15 to 0.57, indicating a wide variation in palate shape, but gestation and postmenstrual age had no effect. Prolonged intubation had a small effect, equivalent to an increase in palatal depth of less than 2 mm at 32 weeks' postmenstrual age. The effect was transient.
CONCLUSION
Prolonged orotracheal intubation (> 10 days) leads to a small and temporary increase in palatal depth. However, this is unlikely to account for palatal grooving, which is probably caused by an overgrowth of the lateral palatine ridges.
目的
研究妊娠、孕龄及经口气管插管对腭部形态的影响。
方法
对76例妊娠25至41周的新生儿进行前瞻性研究。在由连续腭部印模制作的石膏模型上测量腭部尺寸。使用腭部深度与腭部宽度之比（腭指数）评估腭部大小相对于口腔大小的情况。
结果
腭部深度和宽度与孕龄及妊娠有关。腭指数范围为0.15至0.57，表明腭部形状存在很大差异，但妊娠和孕龄没有影响。长时间插管有微小影响，相当于在孕龄32周时腭部深度增加不到2毫米。这种影响是短暂的。
结论
长时间经口气管插管（>10天）会导致腭部深度出现微小且暂时的增加。然而，这不太可能是腭沟形成的原因，腭沟可能是由腭侧嵴过度生长引起的。
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