Pollitt E, Mathews R
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, 95616, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1998 Apr;67(4):804S-813S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/67.4.804S.
In this supplement, the papers presented at the International Symposium on Breakfast and Performance in Napa, CA in 1995 are summarized and integrated with data published since that time. In particular, the focus is on issues of research design, measurements, mechanisms, potential effect modifiers (eg, age), and relevance for public policy. No definitive conclusions can be drawn from the existing data on either the long- and short-term benefits of breakfast on cognition and school learning or the mechanisms that mediate this relation. The pooled data suggest that omitting breakfast interferes with cognition and learning, an effect that is more pronounced in nutritionally at-risk children than in well-nourished children. At the very least, breakfast consumption improves school attendance and enhances the quality of the students' diets.
在本增刊中，总结了1995年在加利福尼亚州纳帕举行的早餐与表现国际研讨会上发表的论文，并将其与自那时以来发表的数据进行了整合。特别关注的是研究设计、测量方法、机制、潜在效应修饰因素（如年龄）以及与公共政策的相关性等问题。关于早餐对认知和学校学习的长期和短期益处，或介导这种关系的机制，现有数据无法得出明确结论。汇总数据表明，不吃早餐会干扰认知和学习，这种影响在营养风险较高的儿童中比在营养良好的儿童中更为明显。至少，食用早餐能提高学校出勤率，并改善学生的饮食质量。
