Frost W H
Can Med Assoc J. 1976 Sep 4;115(5):401-3.
Cholera varies greatly in clinical severity; the mortality of untreated severe cholera may be as high as 60% The main clinical feature is dehydration; fluid lost in the stools may amount to 60/. Rehydration is the cornerstone of treatment. The amount of fluid required is approximately 10% of body weight in severe dehydration and 5 to 8% in moderate dehydration. Fluid therapy, which must be individualized, may be successful on its own, but chemo-therapy shortens the duration of illness. Tetracycline (in adults, 40 mg/kg for 2 days; in children, 50 mg/kg for 2 days) reduces the fluid loss and eliminates the causative organisms. Vaccination is of limited value.
霍乱的临床严重程度差异很大；未经治疗的重症霍乱死亡率可能高达60%。主要临床特征是脱水；粪便中流失的液体量可能达到60%。补液是治疗的基石。严重脱水时所需液体量约为体重的10%，中度脱水时为5%至8%。液体疗法必须个体化，其本身可能会成功，但化疗可缩短病程。四环素（成人2天内每日40mg/kg；儿童2天内每日50mg/kg）可减少液体流失并清除病原体。疫苗接种的价值有限。
