Santini F, Chiovato L, Rocchi R, Marinò M, Pinchera A
Istituto di Endocrinologia, Università degli Studi, Pisa, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1997;33(3):441-5.
Thyroid disorders are particularly frequent in women and, second to diabetes mellitus, are the most common endocrine diseases during pregnancy. An association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and thyroid autoimmunity has long been recognized. Management of thyroid diseases in pregnancy is different than in non pregnant women, due to physiological changes of thyroid hormone economy in the childbearing period. Thyroid dysfunction may affect carbohydrate metabolism and worsen glucose control in diabetic patients. On the other hand, poorly compensated diabetes mellitus may cause alteration in the production and metabolism of thyroid hormones. Pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of developing post partum thyroiditis. These observations have lead to the recommendation that thyroid function should be checked in diabetic women during pregnancy and in the post partum.
甲状腺疾病在女性中尤为常见，仅次于糖尿病，是孕期最常见的内分泌疾病。胰岛素依赖型糖尿病与甲状腺自身免疫之间的关联早已得到认可。由于育龄期甲状腺激素代谢的生理变化，孕期甲状腺疾病的管理与非孕期女性不同。甲状腺功能障碍可能影响碳水化合物代谢，使糖尿病患者的血糖控制恶化。另一方面，糖尿病控制不佳可能导致甲状腺激素的产生和代谢发生改变。患有胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的孕妇发生产后甲状腺炎的风险增加。这些观察结果促使人们建议在孕期和产后对糖尿病女性进行甲状腺功能检查。
