Shulkin B L
Pediatric Nuclear Medicine Section, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0229, USA.
Q J Nucl Med. 1997 Dec;41(4):281-91.
This article summarizes the major PET studies which have been performed in pediatric patients to elucidate and characterize diseases and normal development. Issues special for the application of the technique in children, such as dosimetry, patient preparation, and image acquisition are discussed. Studies of central nervous system (CNS) development and pathology, including epilepsy, intraventricular hemorrhage, neonatal asphyxia, tumors, and effects on the CNS from treatment of other tumors are reviewed. These have contributed information fundamental to our understanding of CNS development and pathology. PET investigations into the pathophysiology of congenital heart disease have begun and hold great promise to aid our understanding of these conditions. The second major area in which PET has been applied is the study of non CNS neoplasms. Neuroblastoma has been investigated with tracers which explore basic biochemical features which characterize this tumor, as well as with tracers which explore biochemical events relatively specific for this malignancy. Other common and uncommon tumors of childhood are discussed. The PET technique has been shown useful for answering questions of clinical relevance for the management of these uncommon neoplasms. PET, using tracers that reflect basic metabolic processes, is likely to continue to aid our understanding of many pediatric diseases and may gain more widespread clinical acceptance as the technology continues to disseminate rapidly.
本文总结了为阐明和表征儿科患者疾病及正常发育情况而开展的主要正电子发射断层扫描（PET）研究。讨论了该技术在儿童应用中的特殊问题，如剂量测定、患者准备和图像采集。回顾了中枢神经系统（CNS）发育及病理情况的研究，包括癫痫、脑室内出血、新生儿窒息、肿瘤以及其他肿瘤治疗对中枢神经系统的影响。这些研究为我们理解中枢神经系统发育及病理提供了重要信息。对先天性心脏病病理生理学的PET研究已经展开，有望帮助我们了解这些病症。PET应用的第二个主要领域是非中枢神经系统肿瘤的研究。已使用示踪剂对神经母细胞瘤进行了研究，这些示踪剂可探索该肿瘤的基本生化特征，以及相对特定于这种恶性肿瘤的生化事件。还讨论了儿童期其他常见和罕见肿瘤。PET技术已被证明有助于解答这些罕见肿瘤管理方面具有临床相关性的问题。使用反映基本代谢过程的示踪剂的PET，可能会继续帮助我们理解多种儿科疾病，并且随着该技术的迅速推广，可能会获得更广泛的临床认可。
