Barata R B
Department of Social Medicine, Facultad de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Brazil.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 1998 Feb;3(2):102-10. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49891998000200006.
Since the 1970s, when the world seemed on the threshold of malaria eradication, the incidence of the disease has increased in several countries. The upturn in cases raised a series of questions, and for some time malariologists and public health authorities scarcely understood what was happening. In an attempt to better comprehend the process, this article reviews the frequency of malaria cases in São Paulo, Brazil, between 1930 and 1990, examining the following factors in each of three 20-year time periods: the importance of malaria in the society, the conditions under which the disease occurred, the epidemiologic knowledge of the time, the technical instruments available to fight it, and the control strategies that were used. Through the construction of technological models based on these factors, it became clear that the occurrence of the disease, knowledge about it, and, consequently, the ways it was dealt with changed over time. In light of this research, the article discusses current options for the control of malaria.
自20世纪70年代以来，当时世界似乎即将根除疟疾，但在一些国家，该疾病的发病率却有所上升。病例的增加引发了一系列问题，有一段时间，疟疾学家和公共卫生当局几乎不明白发生了什么。为了更好地理解这一过程，本文回顾了1930年至1990年间巴西圣保罗市疟疾病例的发生频率，在三个20年时间段的每一个时间段中考察了以下因素：疟疾在社会中的重要性、疾病发生的条件、当时的流行病学知识、用于抗击疟疾的技术手段以及所采用的控制策略。通过基于这些因素构建技术模型，很明显疾病的发生、对疾病的了解以及因此应对疾病的方式都随时间而变化。鉴于这项研究，本文讨论了当前控制疟疾的选择。
